3D Printing InfoPrinter comparison
FlashForge AD5M vs Elegoo Centauri Carbon 2
Compare hardware, build volume, printing specifications, dated prices and sources.
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| Property | FlashForge AD5MCOREXY | Elegoo Centauri Carbon 2COREXY |
|---|---|---|
| Identity | ||
| Brand | FlashForge | ELEGOO |
| Class | COREXY | COREXY |
| Identity & Market | ||
| Manufacturer & exact marketed model name (verify the exact product identity first) | Zhejiang FlashForge 3D Technology — Adventurer 5M (AD5M), single-extruder open-frame CoreXY[1][2][3] | ELEGOO Centauri Carbon 2 Combo. Internal ids: slicer model_id: "Elegoo-CC2", printer_model: Elegoo Centauri Carbon 2, machine setting_id: ECC204 (0.4 nozzle), filament suffix @ECC2; firmware release folder printer-realase-2602101855; mainboard part number EF-M5-V1.0.073. Manual PDF title block: 11.201.0124B Centauri Carbon 2 Combo安装说明书-EN-V1.1[4][5] |
| Release date (announcement and actual shipping) | Announced/launched 2023-09-01; shipping units reviewed by 2023-10-18[6][7] | Announced 2026-01-19; on sale 2026-01-26, 09:00 EST / 17:00 CET.[8][9][10][11] |
| Launch MSRP (USD) | $399[12] | US $449.00. Regional launch MSRPs: €439, £339, C$619, A$999, ¥79,999[13][14] |
| Street price (USD; dated snapshot per entry) | Official store $299.00 (was $399.00, plus "Save an extra $50, discount auto-applied in cart" ⇒ ~$249 effective); US B2B reseller (CDW) $419.99; discount channel floor $127–$157 (AliExpress $127.12 w/ code; DealNews $139 w/ code AFFUS20, expires 2026-08-26; Slickdeals $157); mid-tier resellers $220–$239 (Slickdeals $220.15, STEMfinity $239.00)[15] | $379.00 USD displayed sale price on us.elegoo.com (badged −16 % against $449.00 list) as of 2026-08-19. The same page's machine-selector chip and the Shopify products.json variant both read $399.00 (compare-at $449.00). Certified pre-owned: $375.99. Amazon B0G4TPZPZM: $449 per Tom's price widget (Feb 2026) and $500 per Notebookcheck (Mar 2026)[5][16][17][18] |
| Variants & sibling models — and how to tell them apart (spec-contamination risk) | 5M (this report): open frame, no camera, no filtration, no aux fan, unpopulated TVOC/servo/power-button headers on the mainboard. 5M Pro: enclosure + door/lid, built-in camera, HEPA+carbon dual-circulation filtration, auxiliary chamber fan, TVOC sensor, filtration servo, larger footprint (3Dnatives lists 380×400×453 mm). AD5X: 4-colour, different model. Robo E4: rebadged 5M.[19] | Five live Centauri siblings on us.elegoo.com (2026-08-19): (1) Centauri Carbon 2 Combo $399/$379 — printer + CANVAS; 500×480×743 mm, 19.35 kg. (2) Centauri Carbon 2 (non-Combo) $349 — *identical printer, no CANVAS*; 398×404×490 mm, 17.5 kg. (3) Centauri 2 Combo $329. (4) Centauri 2 $279. (5) Centauri Carbon (CC1) $419.99. Plus ELEGOO × emoji® CC2 Combo $449 (cosmetic edition). CANVAS standalone: $150 (with cover) / $120 (without); CC2-non-Combo + CANVAS-no-cover bundle $389[17][20][21] |
| Market position: superseded? successor announced? | Not superseded, and not actually abandoned. Still sold and listed 2026-08-19 in FlashForge's own nav as "Adventurer 5M — The Best Value Entry-Level 3D Printer", alongside AD5M Pro, AD5X (best seller) and the newer Creator 5 / Creator 5 Pro 4-toolhead flagships. No successor to the 5M has been announced (fresh search 2026-08-19: no "Adventurer 6", no replacement). Genuine counter-signal: 3DJake (major EU retailer) shows "Sold out — Our shop no longer sells this product", and deep discounting to ~$139 (A4) is end-of-life channel behaviour.[22][23] | Current flagship of the Centauri line; no CC3 or CC2 successor announced. Elegoo has widened the line *below* it (Centauri 2 / Centauri 2 Combo, Jun–Jul 2026) and continues shipping CC2 OTA firmware (latest catalogued v02.00.02.00, 2026-05-28). Benchmarked by reviewers against Bambu Lab P1S Combo ($549), Bambu P2S Combo ($799), Creality K2 Combo ($549), Creality SPARKX i7 ($399) and Anycubic Kobra X[17][24] |
| Physical & Frame | ||
| Build volume X×Y×Z (mm) — advertised vs actually usable | Advertised 220 × 220 × 220 mm; measured usable 217 × 217 mm X/Y; firmware travel envelope X/Y −125 → +125 and Z −10 → 230[25] | Advertised 256 × 256 × 256 mm; platform 260 × 260 mm. Firmware agrees exactly: x_range=0,256, y_range=0,256, z_range=0,256. Axis travel exceeds the print area: X position_min=-2.1 → position_max=256.5; Y -2.1 → 270.0; Z -10 → 258.0. Slicer printable_area 256×256, printable_height 256, with a bed_exclude_area of 246×0 → 256×20 mm[26] |
| Machine footprint (mm) & clearance needed (cable/spool overhang) | 363 × 376 × 413 mm (excl. screen & spool holder); 363 × 402 × 448 mm (incl. screen, excl. spool holder). Manual requires ≥ 20 cm clearance front, back, left and right.[27] | Combo: 500 × 480 × 743 mm (= 19.68 × 18.89 × 29.25 in). Bare CC2: 398 × 404 × 490 mm. Package: Combo 490 × 495 × 560 mm (gross 23.8 kg); bare CC2 465 × 460 × 560 mm; CC1 480 × 475 × 560 mm. Extra clearance needed to the right for four side-mounted spool holders and above for the tophat[28] |
| Net weight (kg) | 10.8 kg[29] | Combo: 19.35 kg (gross 23.8 kg). Bare CC2: 17.5 kg (gross 20.4 kg)[30] |
| Frame construction & material | Sheet-metal / all-metal chassis with sheet-metal top cover; "CoreXY all metal structure" in retail copy[31] | Integrated die-cast aluminium frame and chassis, SPCC steel panels, injection-moulded covers; metal side panels and a glass front door[5] |
| Enclosure: open / enclosed; panel material; door/lid | Open frame as shipped. Official Adventurer 5M Enclosure Kit, $39.99 — modular kit where "Some parts require self-printing"; claims odour containment and ABS/ASA/PC support.[32] | Fully enclosed. Metal side panels + glass front door + removable "tophat" lid (acrylic/Perspex) that also covers the CANVAS module; a thermal cover ships in the box. Rear carries a servo-actuated exhaust grille and an air filter[33] |
| Passive chamber temperature reached (if enclosed; measured values preferred) | Not published[34] | MEASURED: peak ~47 °C, sustained ~45 °C, from a 17 °C ambient, with the tall cover fitted. Aurora Tech placed an independent thermometer inside the chamber during a standard-ABS print in a 17 °C garage: the internal temperature reaches ~35 °C shortly after the print starts, exceeds 40 °C after about an hour, peaks at ~47 °C, then settles at ~45 °C for the remainder as the part grows and the bed descends. On a separate, smaller PA-CF job the enclosure read ~41 °C near the end. Aurora Tech is based in Danville, California, so this was obtained on 110-120 V mains, i.e. on the ~250 W bed (see I2), which makes the figure directly applicable to US buyers. Firmware-verified surrogate, consistent with the measurement: a chamber thermistor exists ([ztemperature_sensor box], NTC 100 K B3950, max_temp=110, over-temp cutoff ot_box=100) and the chamber fan is thermostatically staged at T0=30, T1=38, T2=37, T3=40, T4=45 C. An owner reports being able to request a slicer-side chamber 50 C target / 45 C minimum[35][36] |
| Kinematics & Motion Hardware | ||
| Kinematics (bedslinger i3 / CoreXY / other) | CoreXY with moving bed on Z (not a bedslinger)[37] | CoreXY — kinematics=corexy. Fixed gantry; bed moves in Z[38] |
| X-axis guide type (rods / linear rails / V-wheels; size) | Smooth linear shaft(s) with upper + lower sleeve (plain) bearings — not MGN linear rails[39] | Ø8 mm hardened smooth rods with LM8LUU / LMS8LUU linear ball bearings. Not linear rails, not V-wheels[5] |
| Y-axis guide type | Same family: linear shafts (wiki instructs cleaning "X, Y, and Z-axis linear shafts"); Y motion is CoreXY-coupled[40] | Same as X: Ø8 mm smooth rods + LM8LUU/LMS8LUU linear bearings[41] |
| Z-axis: leadscrew count & type, sync mechanism, anti-backlash | Three lead screws driven by one belted Z stepper; rotation_distance: 8 ⇒ 8 mm lead/rev. Single Z stepper ⇒ no motorised tilt.[42] | 3 lead screws + 3 linear guide rods, all driven from a single Z stepper via a belt. Firmware declares exactly one [stepper_z]: rotation_distance=8 (8 mm Z per motor rev), run_current=1.0, position_min=-10, position_max=258. Z endstop is a physical optical limit switch (endstop_pin=^PB10), *plus* the load-cell probe for Z-zero. No anti-backlash nut documented[4] |
| Belts (type, width, e.g. Gates?) | XY "synchronous belt" (toothed), tensioned by a belt-tension adjusting screw on the printer back; CoreXY belts cross for "bi-directional tension balance"[43] | 2M-pitch (2 mm), 6 mm-wide open-ended timing belt — BOM part 2M-W6开口同步带 — with dedicated XY belt-tensioning springs (X/Y轴同步带张紧弹簧), tensioner-idler brackets (XY轴皮带张紧惰轮支架) and belt clamps (XY皮带固定卡片). No Gates branding in any source. Firmware-consistent: rotation_distance=39.872 on X and Y[44] |
| Stepper motors (frame size, step angle, brand if known) | XY/Z frame size and part numbers (not published). Observed: the two CoreXY motors are not identical units ("two different-looking motors", Igor's Lab, base 5M). Firmware run currents: X 0.9 A, Y 0.9 A, Z 0.6 A (hold 0.6), E 0.8 A (hold 0.8), sense_resistor: 0.10. Extruder motor per aftermarket listing: 36 mm pancake, 2-phase, 1.8°, 2.3 V / 1 A, 10-tooth drive gear[42] | X and Y: two 42 × 60 mm NEMA 17 (BOM 42-60步进电机; Elegoo: "Dual 4260 stepper motors independently drive the X and Y axes"). Extruder: round 36 × 20 mm NEMA-14-class, P/N BJY36D12-04V28, Shenzhen Keli Motor Ltd (BOM 36x20圆形步进电机). CANVAS: 4 × permanent-magnet steppers with worm gearboxes, Shenzhen Wanzhida Motor. Step angle: full_steps_per_rotation is absent from the config → Klipper default 200 steps/rev = 1.8°[5][45][46] |
| Stepper drivers (exact model e.g. TMC2209; UART/SPI; sensorless homing?) | TMC2209 on X, Y, Z, E via UART (uart_pin per driver), interpolate: True. Physical endstops (X eboard:PA15, Y eboard:PB11, Z PB15) ⇒ no sensorless homing; stealthchop_threshold present but commented out ⇒ SpreadCycle by default[47] | TMC2209 throughout, UART, with sensorless homing on X and Y. X: uart_pin=PE6, tx_pin=PE7, run_current=1.2, hold_current=0.8, driver_SGTHRS=130, diag_pin=PF0, endstop_pin=tmc2209_stepper_x:virtual_endstop. Y: same currents, SGTHRS=130, diag_pin=PF3. Z: run_current=1.0, SGTHRS=120, but uses the physical endstop. Extruder (on toolhead MCU): uart_pin=toolhead:PB11, uart_address=2, run_current=0.8, hold_current=0.2. sense_resistor=0.1 throughout. CANVAS uses 4 × AT8833 (DRV8833 clone) — not TMC[4][48] |
| Microstepping / interpolation settings (firmware evidence) | Microsteps: 16 on all four steppers, interpolate: True (TMC 256-step interpolation)[49] | Microsteps=16 on every axis, with interpolate=True on every TMC2209 (1/16 commanded, interpolated to 1/256 in-driver)[50] |
| Speed & Acceleration | ||
| Max print speed (claimed, mm/s) | 600 mm/s (product page "Max Printing Speed") vs 10–300 mm/s ("Printing Speed", manual §1.2, with 600 mm/s assigned to *travel*) vs 200 mm/s ("Max Print Speed: 200 mm/s (but optimal quality at 60-100 mm/s)", FlashForge UK blog FAQ)[51] | ≤500 mm/s[52] |
| Recommended/typical print speed | Manual 10–300 mm/s; reviewers' working range 200–300 mm/s, quality profiles 250–400 mm/s; FlashForge UK FAQ suggests 60–100 mm/s for "optimal quality"[53] | Elegoo's own spec table says "Recommended 250 mm/s". Reviewer practice: Tom's ran 160 mm/s avg (multicolour PLA), 150 mm/s (PETG), 100 mm/s (PAHT-CF and PC), 50 mm/s (TPU). 3DwithUS used 300 mm/s inner / 250 mm/s outer walls[54] |
| Max travel speed | 600 mm/s claimed and firmware-limited[55] | 500 mm/s — max_velocity=500 is a global ceiling covering travel; slicer sets machine_max_acceleration_travel=20000. Z far slower: max_z_velocity=50[56] |
| Max acceleration (claimed, mm/s²) | 20 000 mm/s²[57] | 20 000 mm/s² maximum; 10 000 mm/s² "Default Acceleration"[58] |
| Firmware velocity limit (`max_velocity` or Marlin equivalent — exact value) | Max_velocity: 600 (plus max_z_velocity: 25)[59] | Max_velocity= 500; max_z_velocity= 50[60] |
| Firmware acceleration limit (`max_accel` / `DEFAULT_MAX_ACCELERATION` — exact value) | Max_accel: 20000 (plus max_z_accel: 500, max_accel_to_decel: 5000)[61] | Max_accel= 20000; max_z_accel= 1200. Slicer: machine_max_acceleration_extruding=20000, machine_max_acceleration_z=500. Start g-code clamps outer walls with M204 S{min(20000, max(1000, outer_wall_acceleration))}[62] |
| Jerk / square-corner-velocity setting (exact value) | Firmware default square_corner_velocity: 25; but FlashForge's own slicer profile emits jerk 9 (machine_max_jerk_x/y = 9, with emit_machine_limits_to_gcode = 1), and both community mods force SCV = 9 because stock SCV is broken[63] | Square_corner_velocity=9. (9 mm/s, ~1.8× Klipper's 5.0 default). Slicer mirrors it: machine_max_jerk_x = machine_max_jerk_y = 9, machine_max_jerk_e = 1[64] |
| Max volumetric flow claimed (mm³/s) | 32 mm³/s ("32mm³/s High Flow Nozzle") vs FlashForge's own slicer profiles capping PLA 25 mm³/s / PETG 12 mm³/s[65][23] | The vendor slicer profiles are the operative claim — PLA 21, ABS 18, PC 16, PLA-CF 16, PETG-CF 12, PETG 11, PET-CF 8, PAHT-CF 6, TPU 95A 3.2 mm³/s. Elegoo publishes no headline flow figure[66] |
| Max volumetric flow independently measured (mm³/s, method) | Not published[34] | Not published[34] |
| Real-world speed benchmarks (e.g. Benchy time from third-party tests) | 3DBenchy on the base 5M, same reviewer, three profiles — the only apples-to-apples set that exists: 14 min 09 s (modified/speed G-code), 26 min 09 s ("speedboat rules"), 33 min 28 s (normal 0.20 mm profile). Others: 26.8 min (TechGearLab, base); 31 min speed / 52 min quality (printer-hub, base); ~14 min (owner, base). Non-Benchy: Clearance Spinner 1 h 05 m, Z-wobble test 45 m 43 s (Igor's Lab, base); large model 6 h 52 min (Tom's, Pro); full-volume 220³ ASA array 24 h 44 min (3DPrint.com, Pro)[67][68] | No rigorously-specified Benchy exists for the CC2. Actual data points: CreativeBloq ~40 min for a colour-split multi-part Benchy; 3DwithUS ~2 h for a 4-colour Benchy and ~35 min for the built-in single-colour "Little Buddha"; VoxelMatters "just over 20 minutes" for the *same* Buddha; Tom's 4 h 55 min / 7 Baby Chameleons @0.2 mm, 160 mm/s avg; 4 h 20 min PETG Slinky @0.2 mm, 150 mm/s; 6 h 06 min / 7 PC utility knives @0.2 mm, 100 mm/s; 2 h 12 min PAHT-CF part @0.2 mm, 100 mm/s. Aggregator smith3d quotes "~31 min at 500 mm/s / ~48 min at 300 mm/s" and an "18 min 19 s speed-optimised Benchy on the Centauri platform" — provenance unverifiable, and "the Centauri platform" may mean CC1[69][54][70][71] |
| Vibration Compensation / Input Shaping | ||
| Input shaping supported? Implementation (Klipper IS / Marlin ZV / proprietary) | Yes — genuine Klipper input shaping, with [input_shaper] and [resonance_tester] in the stock config[72] | Yes — stock Klipper-style [input_shaper] + [resonance_tester] in Elegoo's C++ Klipper re-implementation. Marketed as "Active Vibration Compensation"[5] |
| Accelerometer: present? model (ADXL345 / LIS2DW12 / …), location(s), count | ADXL345, one unit, permanently mounted on the toolhead board (eboard), software SPI, rate: 800, axes_map: x, y, z[73] | One accelerometer: a single [lis2dw] on the toolhead, software-SPI (cs_pin=toolhead:PA4, sclk=PA5, mosi=PA7, miso=PA6, 5 MHz, axes_map=x,y,z). Teardown identifies it as LIS2DW12 on SPI1 with labelled test points CS/SCLK/MOSI/MISO = PA4/PA5/PA7/PA6 — an exact pin-for-pin match to the config[45] |
| Calibration mode: automatic per-print / user-run routine / factory-fixed values | User-run routine from the touchscreen — not per-print, not factory-fixed. Results written back to printer.cfg by Klipper SAVE_CONFIG.[74] | User/self-check-run routine that stores results — NOT per print. [resonance_tester] carries shaper_calibrate_gcode=G28\n, i.e. a discrete calibration action. The per-print machine_start_gcode contains BED_MESH_CALIBRATE but no shaper calibration. Notebookcheck: "the one click calibration takes care of optimizing the nozzle, bed level, and vibration compensation. The whole calibration process takes about 26 to 27 minutes"[18] |
| Shaper type & default frequencies (firmware evidence preferred) | Shipped (commented) defaults: 2hump_ei @ 47.4 Hz X, mzv @ 46.2 Hz Y. Measured on a real unit: mzv @ 52.4 Hz X, zv @ 47.0 Hz Y. xblax's own AD5M calibration: mzv @ 52.5 Hz X, zv @ 50 Hz Y.[75] | Shaper_type_x = mzv, shaper_freq_x = 53.6; shaper_type_y = mzv, shaper_freq_y = 44.8; damping_ratio_x = damping_ratio_y = 0.1. Search space: min_freq=5, max_freq=90, accel_per_hz=100, hz_per_sec=2, max_smoothing=1, probe point 128,128,5[76] |
| Effectiveness evidence (ringing/VFA tests from reviews) | Clean PLA at 0.2 mm / 250 mm/s; at full 600 mm/s "some minor surface artifacts are visible on close inspection"; 3DPrint.com (Pro) "virtually no skew", consistent/accurate/square; TechGearLab Print Quality 6.7/10[77] | . TechRadar's structured test scores XY resonance 2.5 / 5 and Z-axis alignment 2.5 / 5 — by far the weakest two of its eight sub-scores. Against that, Tom's saw "no color bleeding using the default purge values" on a 7-part multicolour plate; CreativeBloq: "layer lines are barely visible, corners and edges are sharp" and "there were very few of those annoying wispy bits of filament you can get when the nozzle lifts off"; 3DwithUS: "All lettering came out sharp and clearly defined"[78] |
| Extrusion Pressure Control | ||
| Pressure advance (Klipper) / linear advance (Marlin) supported? | Yes (Klipper pressure advance)[79] | Yes — Klipper-style pressure advance[80] |
| Enabled by default? Factory value? (firmware evidence) | Yes, on by default: pressure_advance: 0.035[81] | Yes. Firmware default pressure_advance=0.04. The slicer then overrides it per material: PLA/ABS 0.04, PC 0.052, PAHT-CF 0.052, TPU 95A 0.1[82] |
| Auto-calibration for PA/LA? How does it work? | No. Stock calibration menu offers leveling, vibration test and PID only.[83] | Marketed, but no per-print PA routine exists in the shipped g-code. machine_start_gcode contains no PA calibration call; there is no PA macro in [g180]. Elegoo's product page nonetheless advertises "Pressure Advance Calibration" as a headline feature[5] |
| Any physical nozzle pressure / load-cell extrusion sensing? | No. A load cell exists but is a bed-probe sensor, not an extrusion-force sensor.[84] | No. A load cell exists ([load_cell_probe], CS1237 24-bit ADC on the bed MCU, 4-wire Wheatstone strain-gauge bridge) but it is wired to the bed as the Z probe — it is not read for extrusion force. Filament *presence* and *motion* are sensed optically/by encoder instead[85] |
| Related settings (PA smooth time etc., firmware values) | Pressure_advance_smooth_time: 0.040; max_extrude_only_distance: 1500.00; max_extrude_cross_section: 80; [firmware_retraction] absent from stock; Marlin shim M900 K… → SET_PRESSURE_ADVANCE[86] | Pressure_advance_smooth_time=0.04 (Klipper default is 0.040 — unchanged). Extruder also sets instantaneous_corner_velocity=1, max_extrude_only_distance=300, max_extrude_only_velocity=60, max_extrude_only_accel=5000, max_extrude_cross_section=9999999, and retract_restart_extra_toolchange=['0.5'] in the slicer[87] |
| Extruder | ||
| Type (direct drive / bowden) & design name | Direct drive, single extruder, proprietary FlashForge "Extruder Unit (Filament Feeder)" with clip-in nozzle assembly[88] | Direct drive, "Dual-Gear Direct Extruder (1 Fan)" (Elegoo's own wording). On the Combo the extruder additionally carries a filament multiplexer (4-into-1 hub) and a filament cutter[46][45] |
| Gear ratio & drive gear material | (not published). Inference only: rotation_distance: 4.7 with a 10-tooth motor pinion implies roughly a ~5:1 reduction; material not stated anywhere.[89] | Gear_ratio=52:10 (5.2 : 1), rotation_distance=28.8. Hobbed gear: 10 mm nominal diameter, SDK11 tool steel[45] |
| Filament diameter | 1.75 mm[90] | 1.75 mm[91] |
| Filament path (PTFE-lined? all-metal? reverse bowden?) | External PTFE filament guide tube from the rear-mounted spool into the extruder (reverse-bowden feed to a direct-drive head); hotend assembly includes a "throat tube"[92] | Combo: four PTFE Bowden tubes run from CANVAS on top of the machine to a 4-in-1 filament hub / multiplexer screwed to the toolhead; from the multiplexer a 4 mm OD metal tube feeds the extruder, replacing the reverse-Bowden PTFE. Melt zone is all-metal with a titanium-alloy heat break — no PTFE at the melt zone. Non-Combo: conventional reverse-Bowden PTFE[46] |
| Claimed extrusion force / grip (if published) | Not published[34] | Elegoo publishes no extrusion-force figure[93] |
| Auto load/unload routine | Yes, UI-driven; timing changed in firmware 2.7.8 ("Change the filament loading/unloading time")[94] | Yes, fully automatic in both directions. [filament_load_unload] defines two-stage load and unload macros; the load routine heats to 250 °C (M104 S250 / M109 S250), parks at the purge station via G180 S800, then runs G180 S812 → S811 → S810 → S800; unload runs G180 S813 (cutter position), retracts E-0.8, then E-100 F600. CANVAS auto-grabs filament on insertion; Elegoo lists "Auto Filament Unloading: Yes"[95] |
| Hotend & Nozzle | ||
| Hotend design (proprietary/standard; quick-swap mechanism?) | Proprietary integrated "Nozzle Assembly": nozzle + heater + thermistor + throat + heat block + heatsink as one replaceable unit, tool-free, released by pressing two red plastic clips/buckles. FlashForge claims "detached in just 3 seconds without any tools" / "patent-designed".[65][42] | Proprietary Elegoo hotend, shared design lineage with CC1 but with a higher-temperature heater. The hotend sits on a main toolhead PCB plus a separate "supplementary board" (2×4 pin) that breaks out thermistor, heater and hotend fan. No tool-less quick-swap mechanism is documented; the nozzle is a separate serviceable part[45][96] |
| Max nozzle temp claimed AND firmware max temp limit (both values) | Claimed 280 °C; firmware [extruder] max_temp: 350; [verify_heater extruder] max_error: 290; the printer's own settings file records extruderType: "0.4-300"[97] | Claimed 350 °C. Firmware limit max_temp=365 in the shipping config (printer_dsp.cfg L134), with sensor_type=NTC R25 350 and min_temp=-100. The non-shipping printer.cfg in the same repo sets max_temp=600 with sensor_type=NTC 100K beta 4300 — this drew a public GitHub issue[98] |
| Heater cartridge power (W) | 50 W claimed. Heat-up performance measured: 200 °C in 46 s vs FlashForge's claimed 35 s[65][99] | 60 W ceramic plate-type PTC heater, ~9.6 Ω (24 V → 24²/9.6 = 60 W, self-consistent)[45] |
| Temperature sensor type (thermistor model / thermocouple) & rating | NTC thermistor, Klipper sensor_type: Generic 3950 (100 kΩ B3950-class), read on eboard:PA0[100] | Firmware: sensor_type=NTC R25 350 (an Elegoo-defined curve; the name implies R25 characterisation to 350 °C), on sensor_pin=toolhead:PA3. Teardown: "Glass bead NTC-200k", beta unknown ("likely 3950 or 4300"). The non-shipping printer.cfg uses NTC 100K beta 4300. Bed and chamber both use NTC 100 K β3950[45] |
| Stock nozzle size & sizes included in box | 0.4 mm installed; no spare nozzle — packing list is printer, filament, power cable, screen, spool holder + 2 screws, grease, glue, diagonal pliers, unclogging pin tool, screwdriver, Allen wrenches 2.0/2.5/3.0[101] | 0.4 mm fitted; only 0.4 mm supplied. No spare nozzle in the box (the box does include a "Spare Nozzle Wiper" and an unclogging pin, which is a different thing)[102] |
| Stock nozzle material (brass / hardened steel / plated copper / composite tip) | 0.25 mm and 0.4 mm = stainless steel; 0.6 mm and 0.8 mm = "high-strength steel"[103] | Bimetal: brass body with a hardened-steel tip. Elegoo's own part description: "0.4 mm nozzles with brass bodies for fast, even heating and hardened steel tips for long-lasting wear resistance". BOM part 黄铜硬化钢喷嘴 (brass hardened-steel nozzle)[104] |
| Nozzle mount standard (V6 / MK8 / Unicorn / proprietary) & swap procedure | Proprietary clip-in cartridge — not V6, not MK8, not Unicorn. Swap = squeeze both clips, pull, click new one in, then re-level[105] | Proprietary Elegoo Centauri-series nozzle (fits the whole Centauri family — CC1, CC2, Centauri 2 — per the part name "for Centauri Series"). Not V6/MK8/Unicorn. No documented tool-less swap; the manual's maintenance guidance is limited to clearing residue with the supplied unclogging pin[96][45] |
| Available nozzle sizes/materials (official + third-party compatibility) | Official 0.25 / 0.4 / 0.6 / 0.8 mm, $35 each. Third-party: ceramic-heater hardened-steel and copper-heatsink clones (Amazon, Innocube3D), plus a Bambu X1 hotend adapter mod[106] | Official: 0.2 / 0.4 / 0.6 / 0.8 mm, all brass-body + hardened-steel-tip. "Multi-Size Brass Hardened Steel Nozzle Kit for Centauri Series" ($24.99) contains all four; single 0.4 mm kit $22.99. Slicer ships full profile sets for all four sizes (nozzle_diameter: "0.4;0.2;0.6;0.8", 21 process profiles spanning 0.08–0.48 mm layers). Third-party: none documented[107] |
| All-metal hotend? PTFE near melt zone? | Not published[34] | Yes, all-metal, with a titanium-alloy heat break. No PTFE at the melt zone — PTFE stops at the multiplexer/hub above the extruder[108][46] |
| Melt-zone / high-flow design details (CHT-style, length) | Marketed as a "32mm³/s High Flow Nozzle"; no geometry disclosed (no CHT/bi-metal/length figures)[109] | In detail. Known: plate-type ceramic PTC heater (60 W), titanium heat break, 3010 axial heat-break fan (12 000 rpm, 0.10 A @24 V), silicone sock, bimetal nozzle. No melt-zone length, bore diameter, or CHT/high-flow geometry is published or measured anywhere[45] |
| Heated Bed & Surface | ||
| Max bed temp claimed AND firmware limit | 110 °C (manual §1.2 + FlashForge wiki + 3DJake) vs 100 °C (FlashForge.com product page and FlashForge UK buying FAQ). Firmware [heater_bed] max_temp: 130; [verify_heater heater_bed] max_error: 120[1][51][23] | Claimed 110 °C (at 25 °C ambient). Firmware max_temp=125, with a separate hardware over-temp parameter ot_bed=130. min_temp=-100[110] |
| Bed heater type (DC/AC mains) & wattage | DC (24 V rail) heater, driven on mainboard pin PB9; published wattage still — but bounded by measurement at roughly 240–260 W: measured whole-machine peak 320 W while heating nozzle and bed together, minus the 50 W hotend and ~11–26 W base load[99] | AC mains-powered heater switched by a solid-state relay (SSR) board — NOT a 24 V DC bed. Measured resistance ~48.4 Ω; 1000 W @ 220 V / 250 W @ 110 V. Safety: ground present + thermal fuse. Control is a PWM signal (heater_pin=PG13, pwm_cycle_time=0.016 ≈ 62.5 Hz) into the SSR; the mainboard's HBED connector carries only the control signal[85][54][111] |
| Heat-up time to 60°C (measured preferred) | 2 min 27 s (measured, base 5M)[99] | For the CC2. No reviewer timed it[112] |
| Bed surface (material, texture, coating), single/double-sided | Powder-coated PEI flexible spring-steel plate, textured, single-sided — and it requires glue for PLA/PETG per FlashForge's own manual. Optional plates: PEI film plate (PLA/TPU glue-free) and PC sticker plate (PC/ABS/ASA)[113] | Dual-sided spring-steel flex plate: textured PEI on one side, a "PLA-Specific" smooth surface on the other. Plate stack: 3 mm aluminium plate + 1.5 mm magnetic sheet. Platform 260 × 260 mm[85] |
| Magnetic removable plate? Spare plate availability & cost | Yes — flexible removable steel plate on a magnetic bed. Official accessory line includes "PEI Textured Build Plate" for AD5M; Partsbuilt stocks build-plate parts. Exact spare-plate price[114] | Yes, magnetic removable. Spares: "Dual-Sided Build Plate for Centauri Series" $22.99; 3-pack $39.99; an older revision "(Original)" $21.99[115][17] |
| Bed thermal uniformity (third-party thermal imaging if available) | Measured bed temperature gradient: 2.6 °C[2] | Not published[116] |
| Leveling & Z-Offset | ||
| Auto bed leveling: probe technology (inductive / strain gauge / load cell / touch probe) | Load cell / strain gauge under the bed — nozzle-touch probing. Stock implementation: three channel-select pins level_h1/h2/h3 (PG2/PG3/PG4), a level_clear reset pin (PD10), the gauge value read through a MAX31856 SPI ADC exposed as [temperature_sensor weightValue] … gcode_id: W, trigger consumed by [probe] pin: !PB4[117] | Load-cell / strain-gauge nozzle-touch probe in the bed. [load_cell_probe] with sensor_type=cs1237 (CS1237 24-bit ADC) on the dedicated bed MCU (sclk_pin=bed_sensor:PA5, dout_pin=bed_sensor:PA4, gain=A-128, sample_rate=1280). Calibration: counts_per_gram=25.0, trigger_force=200.0 g, safety_limit=1200.0 g, trigger_count=5. Bed hardware: 4-wire Wheatstone strain-gauge bridge with a single amplifier IC[85] |
| Mesh grid size (probe point count — firmware evidence) | 5 × 5 = 25 probe points, mesh_pps: 3, 3, algorithm: bicubic, bicubic_tension: 0.2, over mesh_min: -105,-105 → mesh_max: 105,105[118] | Probe_count=11,11 → 121 points, mesh_min=6,6, mesh_max=246,246, mesh_pps=3,3, algorithm=bicubic, bicubic_tension=0.2, mesh travel speed=500.0, horizontal_move_z=3.0, calibrate_accel=20000, move_check_distance=1.0, split_delta_z=0.01. Slicer mirrors: bed_mesh_min 10,10, bed_mesh_max 243,245, bed_mesh_probe_distance 22,22[119] |
| Auto Z-offset (nozzle-touch etc.) or manual (paper method)? | Automatic, nozzle-touch (same load cell). Stock [probe] z_offset: -0.25. Live Z trim during print in 0.025 mm steps since firmware 2.4.2.[120] | Fully automatic nozzle-touch Auto Z-offset — no paper method. z_offset=0 in the probe section (the load cell defines Z=0 by contact). Additionally a nozzle-thermal-expansion compensation table exists: [z_compensation] with nozzle_temp_start=100, nozzle_temp_end=250, nozzle_temp_diff=10, fix_ref_temperature=140.0, and a 16-entry measured offset table nozzle_calibrate_datas = -0.039173 … 0.072890 mm[5] |
| Manual leveling screws/knobs present? | Four screws under the bed exist (mods expose them as screws_tilt_adjust at ±94 mm, screw_thread: CW-M4), but stock firmware provides no screw-tilt routine[121] | None documented. The manual's assembly chapter has no bed-levelling-screw step; the bed ships locked by three transport screws that are removed, not adjusted[122] |
| Gantry-leveling / Z-tilt routine? | No. One Z stepper belted to three lead screws ⇒ tilt is mechanical, not motorised; no z_tilt/quad_gantry_level in stock or mod configs[123] | No — and structurally impossible in software. There is one Z stepper driving three belted lead screws, so there is no per-screw actuator to tilt. No [z_tilt] or [quad_gantry_level] section exists in either config[124] |
| Leveling workflow (forced per print? saved mesh? adaptive mesh?) | Mesh is saved (profile MESH_DATA) and re-used. Manual states "The equipment defaults to the leveling operation before each print", but firmware 2.3.6 "Cancel[led] the default checking of leveling in the print preview interface" and the manual elsewhere says PLA-only users need not level every print. Mods add adaptive/KAMP meshing.[125] | Mesh is measured on every print by default. machine_start_gcode unconditionally issues BED_MESH_CALIBRATE mesh_min=… mesh_max=… ALGORITHM=… PROBE_COUNT=… ADAPTIVE=0 ADAPTIVE_MARGIN=0 FROM_SLICER=1 before G28 and heating. Adaptive meshing exists but is off in the default profile (ADAPTIVE=0); [g180] macros S8/S910 implement BED_MESH_PROFILE LOAD=ADAPTIVE. A saved default profile also exists (G180 S7 → BED_MESH_PROFILE LOAD=default). Elegoo additionally lists "Partial Bed-Leveling" as a CC2-only feature vs CC1. Tom's: "runs a full calibration … during the device self-check. The machine also runs through an optional leveling calibration before each print"[126] |
| Filament Handling & Detection | ||
| Filament runout sensor (type, location) | Mechanical switch at the rear filament inlet (manual lists "Filament Detection Sensor" as external component #6). Firmware: [filament_switch_sensor e0_sensor] switch_pin: !PB14, pause_on_runout: False, event_delay: 1.0. A second, unused e1_sensor on PE1 is declared (leftover dual-extruder/AD5X provision).[127] | Two-layer detection. (a) Toolhead optical sensor on the filament-detector board — [filament_switch_sensor filament_sensor] switch_pin=!toolhead:PB1, pause_on_runout=true, event_delay=10.0. A spring-loaded lever blocks an optical gate when filament is present. (b) Per-channel mechanical switches inside CANVAS, one detector board per channel, actuated by a spring-loaded bullet pin. Runout triggers a full flush macro and M2202 gcode_action_report=2505[45][46] |
| Tangle/snag detection (exact mechanism, if any — do not accept marketing wording at face value) | None. There is no tangle detection on the AD5M. FlashForge's only claim is a "Filament run-out reminder".[128] | Real hardware, not marketing. [tangling_switch_sensor] switch_pin=!toolhead:PA1. Physically: a rear-facing Hall-effect sensor at the top of the toolhead filament-detector board; a spring-loaded metal tab in the filament multiplexer extends when filament tension exceeds the spring force (the pneumatic-fitting hub compresses downward), triggering the sensor and raising a tangle error. Prevention side: CANVAS spool holders have a spring-loaded ratcheting rewind mechanism that takes up slack during unload[46][45] |
| Clog detection (mechanism, if any) | None in stock.[129] | Real: a filament-motion encoder. [z_filament_motion_sensor encoder_sensor] with extruder=extruder, detection_length=50 mm, switch_pin=PB4 (enable), motion_pin=PB3 (odometer), pause_on_runout=true. Mainboard pinout labels these S-DET PB4 = Filament motion detection and M-DET PB3 = Filament presence/absence. Elegoo lists Clog Detection: Yes for CC2, "–" for CC1 — this is a CC2-only feature[4] |
| Filament change support (M600 / UI-driven) | UI-driven load/unload/change; M25 pause recognised since firmware 2.3.6; change-pause position adjusted in 2.4.2. Stock config has no M600; mods add it.[130] | M600 is the pause g-code (machine_pause_gcode: M600). Multi-colour changes use Elegoo's own M6211 command (M6211 T[next_extruder] L[flush_length] M{old_filament_e_feedrate} N{new_filament_e_feedrate} Q[old_filament_temp] R[nozzle_temperature_range_high] S[new_filament_temp]), plus T[n] tool selects. On-screen load/unload is fully UI-driven[131] |
| Spool holder location & max spool size; drybox compatibility | External, screw-mounted on the rear panel (2 screws), feeding through a PTFE guide tube. Max spool diameter/width[132] | Four spool holders bolt to the right-hand vertical extrusions (two tapped holes each), spools hang outside the enclosure, exposed to ambient air. Inner diameter 53–58 mm; larger spools need a printed adapter. Holders are spring-loaded with a ratcheting rewind. No drybox and no drying function anywhere in the product[46] |
| Multi-material/multi-color capability or official upgrade path | None, and no official upgrade path for the 5M. FlashForge's multi-colour answer is the AD5X; FlashForge states the AD5M "cannot be converted into an AD5X". Third-party: Co Print KCM set (documented for the 5M Pro).[133] | Native: CANVAS, 4 colours, single nozzle. Firmware [canvas_dev] on /dev/ttyS1 @115200 with canvas_ctrl_pin=host:PD21; slicer support_mms: 1. The module is separable and also retrofits the CC1 ($55 CC1 version; $120–150 CC2/Centauri 2 version). No chaining/expansion beyond 4 channels[46] |
| Cooling & Air Handling | ||
| Part-cooling fan(s): count, size, ducting design | One toolhead part-cooling fan ([fan] pin: eboard:PB5), ducted to both sides of the nozzle[134] | One toolhead part-cooling fan: a custom 5020 radial blower with an integrated injection-moulded duct, P/N EFC-05D24D, Shenzhen Hua Xinrong, 0.50 A @ 24 V, 12 000 rpm, 4-pin (tach + PWM). Firmware [fan] pin=toolhead:PA8, tachometer_pin=toolhead:PB15, tachometer_ppr=2, tachometer_poll_interval=0.001[45] |
| Auxiliary part-cooling fan? | No — Pro only[135] | Yes — a custom 12032 radial aux fan on the left chamber panel, P/N EFC-12J24H, 0.8 A @ 24 V, 4-pin (tach + PWM), VHB-taped to the wall with an integrated moulded duct. Firmware [fan_generic fan1] pin=PD15, tachometer_pin=PD14; addressed as M106 P2. Slicer sets auxiliary_fan: 1[136] |
| Heatbreak/hotend fan | Yes, one — a 3010 — [heater_fan heat_fan] pin: eboard:PB4, max_power: 1.0, heater: extruder, heater_temp: 50.0[42] | 3010 axial fan, 3-pin with tachometer, 0.10 A @ 24 V, 12 000 rpm. Firmware [heater_fan heatbreak_cooling_fan] heater=extruder, pin=toolhead:PB13, tachometer_pin=toolhead:PB14, fan_speed=1. (always full when the extruder is on)[45] |
| Chamber/exhaust fan & filtration (activated carbon / HEPA) | No filtration and no chamber fan assembly on the base 5M. Config declares Pro hardware (chamber_fan PC6 with enable_pin: PC7, hardware_pwm: True; internal_fan PB8; external_fan PB6). Pro adds HEPA + activated carbon, dual internal/external circulation, with a servo flap to switch modes. Whether the two air-path fan *headers* are populated on the base mainboard is — see note.[137] | Yes, and it is the CC2's headline thermal feature. A 12025 axial exhaust fan (P/N EFC12E24W, 0.5 A @ 24 V, 4-pin tach+PWM) works with a servo-driven shutter ("Smart Grille") that switches between exhaust-to-room and internal recirculation-through-filter. Filter media: HEPA + coconut-shell activated carbon ("designed to remove ultrafine particles, VOCs, and odors"), replaceable, $24.99 for 3. Firmware: [cavity_fan] pin=PD17, tachometer_pin=PD16 with a 5-step thermostat (T0=30, T1=38, T2=37, T3=40, T4=45 °C ↔ speeds A=1, B=0.7, C=0.3, D=1, E=0.3, F=0.4, G=0.5); [servo printer_servo] servo_pin=PB7, servo_det_pin=PB2, 1–2 ms pulse, maximum_servo_angle=180, initial_angle=90, M2801_open_angle=45 / M2801_open_time=10 ms, M2801_close_angle=45 / M2801_close_time=400 ms; a limit switch confirms grille position. Addressed as M106 P3[136][138] |
| Electronics bay cooling | Yes — [fan_generic pcb_fan] pin: PB7, physically a 4010 blower cooling the stepper drivers; firmware 2.3.6 "Turn off the PCB fan when idle". Separately, the PSU has its own always-on fan.[42] | Dedicated mainboard fan under stepper/heater-triggered control. [controller_fan board_cooling_fan] pin=PG15, tachometer_pin=PB9, stepper=stepper_x,stepper_y,stepper_z,extruder, heater=extruder,heater_bed, fan_speed=1.0, idle_speed=0.0, idle_timeout=30[4] |
| Fan control (PWM? RPM feedback? firmware evidence) | PWM software control on all fans; hardware_pwm: True only on the Pro chamber_fan. No tach/RPM feedback anywhere in the config.[139] | All five fans are PWM-controlled, and four of the five have tachometer feedback wired and polled in firmware: part-cooling (toolhead:PB15, ppr=2, poll 1 ms), heatbreak (toolhead:PB14, poll 1 ms), board fan (PB9), cavity/exhaust (PD16), aux (PD14). Elegoo markets a "Fan Self-Check" feature; the connectors are documented as "tach + 5 V PWM"[4] |
| Electronics & Power | ||
| Mainboard model & MCU (exact chip markings if teardowns exist) | Two microcontrollers, both Nations Technology N32G455 series (Cortex-M4-class, STM32F1-pin-compatible Chinese parts) running at 144 MHz off a 12 MHz reference: mainboard = N32G455xE (/dev/ttyS5), toolhead "eboard" = N32G455xC (/dev/ttyS1), both UART @ 230400 baud, restart_method: command. Shipped MCU blobs: Mainboard-20230831.bin, Eboard-20231012.hex; vendor MCU firmware version 2.2.3 (2.1.9 on the first three releases).[140] | Elegoo "self-developed" mainboard, part number EF-M5-V1.0.073. Main SoC: Allwinner R528-S3, which *also* runs the motion MCU firmware on its internal HiFi4 DSP core — the shipping config's [mcu] is serial=/dev/rpmsg_ctrl-dsp_rproc@0 with restart_method=remoterpc, i.e. rpmsg to an on-die DSP, not an external microcontroller. Two auxiliary MCUs: toolhead = GD32 (firmware build target toolhead_gd32, version string toolhead_gd32-00.00.00.03-app), bed = STM32F402RCT6. CANVAS mainboard = GD32F303RCT6[4][85][48] |
| Host computer (SoC, RAM, storage) if firmware runs on embedded Linux | Allwinner T113-S3, dual-core ARM Cortex-A7, 128 MB RAM, 8 GB eMMC, Linux 5.4-era kernel headers, armhf[141] | Allwinner R528-S3, 32-bit ARM (arch/arm, sun8iw20p1 platform, SMP, VFP+NEON), 128 MB in-package DRAM, 8 GB eMMC. Linux 5.4.61 (Allwinner BSP). Rootfs uses opkg (OpenWrt-style ipk packaging) with app data under /opt (/opt/inst, /opt/usr/cfg, /opt/usr/gcode)[4][142] |
| PSU (brand, wattage, rail voltage) | 350 W (manual, vendor) internal supply with an always-on fan; 24 V rail inferred from the drop-in Mean Well LRS-350-24 swap ("same seating locations"). A component in a base 5M is marked A-350FGF-24 — but the source attributes that marking to the mainboard, not the PSU, so "the PSU part number is A-350FGF-24" is the report's inference, not an observation ⇒ for that specific attribution.[42] | Partially known. Logic/motor rail is 24 V DC (Elegoo spec "Power Output: 24 V"; mainboard input is a 2-pin barrier terminal marked +24 V/GND with 9.6 mm pitch). The bed does not use the 24 V rail at all — it is switched mains via an SSR board. PSU brand, model and 24 V wattage are[4][85] |
| Input voltage (110/220 V, switch or auto) | AC 100–120 V / 200–240 V, 50/60 Hz — no voltage-selector switch documented[143] | AC 100–240 V, 50/60 Hz — auto-ranging, no voltage switch documented[144] |
| Total rated power draw | 350 W rated; measured: 130 W steady-state PLA printing, 320 W peak during simultaneous nozzle+bed heat-up[99] | 1100 W @ 220 V; 350 W @ 110 V (rated, not measured)[108] |
| Expansion headers / spare ports (fans, steppers, GPIO, USB host) | Two unused USB headers on the mainboard; unpopulated TVOC, servo, power-button and one unknown header on the base board; one USB-A host port on the printer front; Ethernet[145] | Unusually well documented. Mainboard carries: 2×4 pin header = DSP UART + UART0 serial consoles (5 V/TX/RX/GND each); a FEL 4-pin header (GND/DP/DM/5 V) for Allwinner recovery; a front USB-A host port; a camera 4-pin USB; the CANVAS "AMS port" (2×2 Micro-Fit 3.0, RS485-A/B + 24 V + GND); Bed MCU RS-232 (5-pin, 5 V switched for reset); JST-XHB connectors for chamber temp (PH0), light (PB5), FAN-1 (PD14/PD15), BOX-F (PD16/PD17), exhaust servo (PB2/PB7 + limit switch), Z-endstop (PB10), bed heater PWM (PG13), bed temp (PB14), mainboard fan; and an onboard piezo buzzer (PB12). Toolhead link is a USB-C connector carrying 24 V on Vbus[4][45] |
| Firmware & Openness | ||
| Firmware base & current version (Klipper fork / Marlin fork / proprietary) | Klipper-derived, proprietary vendor UI/app on top. Host klippy is a Klipper ~0.11-era fork; MCU firmware is a Klipper-11 build labelled 2.2.3, unchanged since Jan 2024. Latest version on FlashForge's own release-notes page: 3.1.9-2.2.3-20250807. Actual shipping firmware is far newer: Z-Mod's native-firmware index lists AD5M stock builds up to 5.1.1 (2026-04-17), and Forge-X byte-analysed series images up to 5.1.7 (2026-06-05) pulled from FlashForge's own OTA source. Linux kernel: 5.4.61, byte-identical across stock firmware 2.6.5 → 5.1.x.[146] | "ELEGOO OS" = a closed C++ re-implementation of Klipper. The released source tree is unmistakably Klipper: src/ + lib/ with the full Klipper MCU HAL set (stm32, rp2040, atsam, avr, ar100, linux, simulator, lib/kconfiglib), and elegoo/ containing printer.cpp, configfile.cpp, chelper/, kinematics/, extras/ (215 files) — the Klippy host transpiled from Python to C++. Config syntax is Klipper's ([stepper_x], [tmc2209 …], [input_shaper], [bed_mesh], rotation_distance, pressure_advance). Slicer declares gcode_flavor: klipper. Community binary analysis pins the base at Klipper commit 28f60f7e, 616 commits past v0.9.1 — ⚠ this specific commit identification is a CC1 finding: freethecode.lol is a Centauri Carbon (CC1) campaign page and mentions the CC2 zero times (verified by full-text search, 2026-08-21). It is quoted here as the platform lineage, not as a CC2-specific binary analysis; nobody has published a commit-level diff of a CC2 binary. Latest OTA catalogued: v02.00.02.00 (2026-05-28); the published source corresponds to ~v01.01.13.10 / release 2602101855[147][148][24] |
| Source code availability (repos, GPL compliance status, last update date) | Partial compliance. FlashForge published one GPL repo for this printer: FlashForge/AD5M_Series_Klipper (GPL-3.0, Klipper 0.11.0-era, last push 2024-05-09, 81★). Its entire GitHub org is 3 repos (that one + OrcaSlicer + Orca-Flashforge). No Linux kernel, U-Boot, Buildroot or rootfs sources are published despite shipping a GPL/GPLv2 Linux 5.4.61 system — the community has to pull the matching kernel source from a third-party mirror of the Allwinner T113 vendor BSP (github.com/iLotusK9/linux_kernel_aw_t113, branch 5.4.61) to build anything against it. The published Klipper also appears not to correspond to shipped binaries.[149] | A GPL-3.0 source repo exists but is stale and incomplete, and compliance is actively disputed. elegooofficial/CentauriCarbon2 was created 2026-03-11, last pushed 2026-03-12, and has never been updated — while at least three OTA firmware releases have shipped since (v01.03.02.36, v01.03.02.51, v02.00.02.00). Open issue #8 "Out of compliance with GPLv3" (2026-06-02) is still open, with 8 comments escalating through 2026-08-14 — including an @-mention of @realrossmanngroup on 2026-08-13 and, on 2026-08-14, the first reply from an ELEGOO account (anjis-elegoo), which quotes the complaint back but does not commit to a source-release date. Re-verified 2026-08-21: still open, no new source push. Open issue #1 shows the release cannot even be built: mcu_build.sh -b toolhead_gd32 fails with can't found configfile: CentauriCarbon2/mcu_config/toolhead_gd32.config — the directory is missing from the repo. The same "Out of compliance with GPLv3" issue is open on the CC1 repo (#26). The freethecode.lol campaign is still live and still marked "Still ongoing" (issue raised 2025-08-07)[147][150][151][152][148][153][24] |
| Root/SSH access: possible? official or community method | Possible, community-only. Two documented routes: (a) flash Z-Mod's Adventurer5M-root.tgz via USB → SSH root/root; (b) g992's method: edit flashforge_init.sh inside a firmware update archive to add a user + overwrite /etc/passwd with uid 0, then connect by telnet on port 23.[146] | And this is the answer that changed in mid-2026. An SSH daemon was present in CC2 firmware up to and including v01.03.02.51 (2026-05-09). Firmware v02.00.02.00, released 2026-05-28, "removes the SSH process entirely" and simultaneously blocks downgrades to any earlier version. OpenCentauri publishes a repacked v01.03.02.51 specifically to defeat the downgrade block ("Use at your own risk"). No CC2 community firmware currently restores SSH: OpenCentauri Patched Firmware is explicitly "Not currently" compatible with the CC2 (it is built on CC1 1.1.40), and COSMOS's public FAQ still says CC2 support is a "Maybe". Hardware-level root remains available via Allwinner FEL mode + UART (documented for the CC2 specifically, eMMC on mmc dev 1)[24][154][155][156][157] |
| Moonraker / Mainsail / Fluidd or other open API available (stock vs after mods)? | Stock: none. No Moonraker, no web UI, no documented open HTTP API. All three mods add Moonraker (7125) + Mainsail + Fluidd.[158] | None of them, stock. The host is a single C++ binary with a proprietary IPC socket (-a /tmp/elegoo_uds) and an embedded Mongoose 7.12 web server. What *does* exist: a built-in WebUI, an MJPEG camera stream on port 3031 (:3031/video), an Elegoo SDCP protocol used by ElegooSlicer/the Matrix app, an MQTT transport (the non-shipping config even hard-codes broker_address=tcp://broker.emqx.io:1883), and OctoEverywhere / Home Assistant integrations built on the SDCP API. OpenCentauri has reverse-engineered and documented the API and MQTT surface[159][160][161][148] |
| Notable community firmware/mods (names, repos, what they add) | Xblax/flashforge_ad5m_klipper_mod (433★, GPL-3.0, Buildroot rootfs + upstream Klipper 0.13 + MCU reflash, full init hijack); ghzserg/zmod "Z-Mod" (418★, Apache-2.0, keeps stock Klipper, adds KAMP/PID/IS/belt spectrogram/Telegram/plugins/GuppyScreen/HelixScreen, zmod.link remote access); DrA1ex/ff5m "Forge-X" v1.4.1 (396★, GPL-3.0, extends the Z-Mod lineage, resurrection.py power-loss plugin, Feather UI, ZRAM swap, real-time Klipper scheduling)[162] | For the CC2 specifically: none usable today. The ecosystem is real but CC1-first. (a) OpenCentauri Patched Firmware (repo OpenCentauri/cc-fw-tools) — adds SSH root, opkg/entware, boot logo, homing-position change, mid-print WebUI edits, USB-Ethernet support, M8212/M8213 chamber-light g-codes and TEMPERATURE_WAIT SENSOR=box; CC1 only. (b) COSMOS (OpenCentauri/cosmos, 231 stars) — full Klipper/Kalico on stock hardware via Yocto; "Add support for CC2" was merged 2026-07-01 (PR #225, author's own note: *"Untested, will still need some work probably"*), release 26.07.0 shipped 2026-07-29, yet the public FAQ still says CC2 is a "Maybe". (c) OpenCentauri/cad — full CC2 CAD models and FDM-optimised replacement parts. (d) Elegoo-Tag-Library — dumps of Elegoo RFID tags. (e) An OpenCentauri drop-in replacement mainboard project is in progress[163][164][165][166][167][168][169][155] |
| Firmware update mechanism (OTA/USB) & update cadence history | OTA over WiFi (Settings → Firmware update) and USB stick (FAT32, vendor.tgz, no signature check). FlashForge's public changelog lists exactly 17 releases, re-extracted verbatim by curl + regex on 2026-08-19: 2.3.6-2.1.9-20231101, 2.3.7-2.1.9-20231110, 2.4.2-2.1.9-20231201, 2.4.5-2.2.3-20240118, 2.6.5-2.2.3-20240411, 2.6.6-2.2.3-20240428, 2.7.1-2.2.3-20240606, 2.7.2-2.2.3-20240705, 2.7.3-2.2.3-20240829, 2.7.5-2.2.3-20240911, 2.7.6-2.2.3-20241028, 2.7.7-2.2.3-20241122, 2.7.8-2.2.3-20241213, 2.7.9-2.2.3-20241228, 3.1.3-2.2.3-20250107, 3.1.5-2.2.3-20250212, 3.1.9-2.2.3-20250807. At least 6 further AD5M releases shipped but were never published there: 3.2.3 (2025-10-16), 3.2.5 (2025-12-05), 3.2.6 (2025-12-12), 3.2.7 (2025-12-17), 5.0.3 (2026-01-22), 5.1.1 (2026-04-17); series images run to 5.1.7 (2026-06-05).[146] | OTA over Wi-Fi, or offline via USB. Packages are.zip.sig — a signed/encrypted wrapper containing *.swu.sig (the swupdate payload) and *.json.sig (metadata). The device uses an A/B partition scheme managed by swupdate: the update is written to the inactive slot which becomes primary on next boot. USB path: drop the.zip.sig on a FAT32 stick → Settings → Check for Updates → Offline Update. Cadence: 7 releases in ~7 months (2025-10-31, 2025-11-17, 2025-12-11, 2026-01-09, 2026-04-09, 2026-05-09, 2026-05-28)[24] |
| G-code flavor & notable custom G-codes/macros | Klipper flavour (gcode_flavor: klipper in FlashForge's own Orca profile). Notable: M900 K<val> → SET_PRESSURE_ADVANCE (Marlin linear-advance shim, in the stock config); M25 pause; M106 P2; [gcode_arcs] resolution: 1 (G2/G3); [exclude_object] added in firmware 2.6.5; M300/M356 beeper macros only via Z-Mod[170] | Klipper flavour (gcode_flavor: klipper) plus a substantial proprietary extension set: G180 S<n> — a numbered macro dispatch table (S1–S10 calibration steps, S800 "move to waste box", S810–S813 flush/cutter steps, S900-series mesh profile logic); M6211 — CANVAS tool change with flush length, feedrates and temperatures; M2202 gcode_action_report=<code> — UI progress reporting; M2801 — exhaust-grille servo open/close; M190 S<t> A — bed heat with an extra A flag; SET_CONDITION J/A/B … SET_CONDITION_END — a conditional-execution primitive not present in mainline Klipper; plus standard BED_MESH_CALIBRATE, SAVE_CONFIG, SET_PRINT_STATS_INFO, PROBE, SET_KINEMATIC_POSITION, TEMPERATURE_WAIT. OpenCentauri maintains a custom-g-code reference[171] |
| Root shell: exact method (official setting toggle / vendor-documented / community exploit / none). Is root persistent across OTA firmware updates, or wiped each update? | Community exploit only — no official toggle, no vendor-documented method — but substantially more durable than an earlier draft of this row claimed. Method: write a vendor-format.tgz update archive to a FAT32 USB stick (Adventurer5M-root.tgz, or a hand-edited flashforge_init.sh in any update archive), boot, log in as root. The vendor installer still performs no signature or integrity verification, verified by byte-comparison through stock 5.1.7 (2026-06-05), so the exploit is not a patched hole — it is the permanent shape of FlashForge's update system. Persistence: partial, and predictable. An OTA reverts /etc/shadow and /etc/inittab in the stock rootfs — so a bare rootfs-level root hack is wiped. It does not touch /data (mmcblk0p7), where all three mods live, and it does not touch /opt/klipper. Forge-X states plainly that a stock OTA, including a 3.x → 5.x jump, leaves the mod running.[172] | Three tiers, none of them a supported toggle. (1) No official/vendor-documented root method exists — there is no developer-mode switch in the UI and no Elegoo documentation of shell access. (2) Firmware-resident SSH existed up to v01.03.02.51 (2026-05-09) and was deleted in v02.00.02.00 (2026-05-28); OpenCentauri describe the change as removing "the SSH process entirely, making it more difficult to perform research on a live device", and the same release blocks downgrades. Staying on ≤v01.03.02.51, or flashing OpenCentauri's repacked v01.03.02.51, is therefore the only firmware-level route — and I could not find published CC2 root credentials (the widely-quoted root / OpenCentauri pair belongs to OpenCentauri's CC1 patched firmware, which does not run on a CC2). (3) Hardware-level root is confirmed available: Allwinner FEL mode (short R53 while resetting, or efex from U-Boot) plus the on-board UART0/DSP serial headers, with CC2-specific artefacts published (u-boot-sunxi-with-spl-cc2.bin, backup_cc2.scr/restore_cc2.scr, eMMC on mmc dev 1) — this gives full eMMC read/write, i.e. offline root. Persistence: an OTA update replaces the entire rootfs slot (A/B swupdate), so any rootfs modification is wiped by the next official update.[24][154][156][173][157][4] |
| Userland: OS base (Debian/Ubuntu/Buildroot/OpenWrt/busybox-only), package manager present (`apt`/`opkg`/`ipkg`/none), CPU architecture (armv7 / aarch64 / mips / x86), and free space on the writable partition. A busybox/no-apt rootfs with a few MB free is a red flag — say so. | Stock: vendor Buildroot-style appliance rootfs, BusyBox userland, no system package manager, telnet-capable, /data = mmcblk0p7. Mods: a second Buildroot rootfs in a chroot on /data (xblax /data/.klipper_mod; Forge-X /data/.mod/.forge-x). No apt, opkg, apk or systemd anywhere — but the xblax chroot does ship python3 + pip, plus target binutils. Kernel: Linux 5.4.61 (vermagic=5.4.61 SMP preempt mod_unload ARMv7 p2v8), Allwinner T113 (sun8iw20) vendor BSP, byte-identical across stock firmware 2.6.5 → 5.1.x. Arch: armv7 32-bit hard-float, Cortex-A7, NEON-VFPv4, glibc (arm-buildroot-linux-gnueabihf). RAM: 128 MB total, ~110 MB usable. Storage: 8 GB eMMC; install requires ≥128 MB free on / and ≥512 MB free on /data. Networking userland is genuinely complete: iptables, iproute2, dropbear, ca-certificates, socat, tcpdump, netcat, curl, rsync, git, nfs-utils, vim/nano/screen. /proc/config.gz is present on the stock kernel.[174] | OS base: a Buildroot/OpenWrt-style embedded Linux, not Debian/Ubuntu. Evidence: opkg is the package manager (Elegoo's own build docs: "开发板上opkg常用指令 … opkg install xxx.ipk", -o /opt/packages/), packaging is ipk with control.tar.gz/data.tar.gz and debian-binary = 2.0, init is /etc/init.d-style shell scripts, and app state lives under /opt (/opt/inst, /opt/usr/cfg, /opt/usr/gcode). Kernel: Linux 5.4.61 (Allwinner BSP). Architecture: 32-bit ARM (armv7-class), arch/arm, platform sun8iw20p1, SMP, VFP+NEON — *not* aarch64. RAM: 128 MB total, in-package. Storage: 8 GB eMMC. Free space on the writable partition: for the CC2 — the CC1-derived partition map gives rootfsA/B ≈ 134 MB each, rootfs_data ≈ 134 MB, UDISK ≈ 7.06 GB, but I did not find a CC2 partition dump[142][4][175] |
| Native Tailscale feasibility: can `tailscaled` run persistently on-device? Cite concrete evidence — community guides, wiki entries, forum posts, or repos of people actually doing it on THIS model. Note whether it needs `/dev/net/tun` (kernel TUN support) and whether the kernel provides it, plus whether userspace-networking mode is the only option. Distinguish "someone did it" from "should theoretically work." | STILL NOT DEMONSTRATED — nobody has published running tailscaled on an AD5M — but the technical path is far better established than an earlier draft of this row concluded. Negative evidence (re-run independently): all three mod repos grep clean for tailscale/wireguard/tun.ko/net/tun; GitHub issue search on all three repos → total_count: 0; fresh 2026-08-19 web searches surface only generic Tailscale-with-Klipper-on-a-Pi advice, nothing on this model. (1) the stock kernel exposes /proc/config.gz, so CONFIG_TUN is a *one-command check* on any rooted unit — it is unpublished, not unknowable; (2) the exact vendor kernel source is public (Allwinner T113 / sun8iw20, branch 5.4.61) and Forge-X publishes a complete, reproducible recipe for building vermagic-exact out-of-tree modules against the stock kernel — and ships two of them (zram.ko, zsmalloc.ko) that the printer insmods at boot; (3) the kernel is byte-identical from firmware 2.6.5 to 5.1.x, so such a module is built once and never rebuilt; (4) iptables and iproute2 are already in the mod chroot (N9). So if TUN is not compiled in, tun.ko is buildable by an established, documented, already-exercised method.[176] | Not demonstrated by anyone, and structurally hostile. (a) No evidence any person has run tailscaled on a Centauri Carbon of either generation — I searched OpenCentauri's docs, its 4 relevant GitHub orgs/repos' issues, freethecode.lol, and the open web for "Tailscale + Centauri Carbon"; the only 3D-printer Tailscale guidance found is generic (Voron/Raspberry-Pi subnet-router patterns). (b) /dev/net/tun is very likely absent: CONFIG_TUN is not set in either Allwinner R528/T113 defconfig in OpenCentauri's fork of the vendor kernel (sun8iw20p1smp_defconfig, sun8iw20p1smp_t113_auto_defconfig); the only tunnel symbol present is CONFIG_IPV6_TUNNEL=y, and no CONFIG_NETFILTER* symbols are set at all. Without TUN, tailscaled must run --tun=userspace-networking, which rules out subnet-router and exit-node roles and costs throughput. (c) 128 MB RAM shared with the motion controller is a hard practical ceiling — tailscaled's resident set is a large fraction of that. (d) On current firmware there is no shell to install it from (N8), no apt, and an A/B rootfs that erases changes on update (N12)[177][4][155][163] |
| SSH daemon: present by default or must be installed/enabled? Default credentials if documented. Does an OTA update disable it or reset the password? | Not present/enabled on stock as shipped. The stock exploit path uses telnet on port 23, not SSH. Mods install Dropbear (not OpenSSH) — confirmed in xblax's Buildroot config, and consistent with the documented host-key behaviour. Credentials: Z-Mod root image root / root; xblax root / klipper (set at build time: BR2_TARGET_GENERIC_ROOT_PASSWD="klipper"); Forge-X root / root. The stock rootfs does carry a real root entry — root:$1$OnclaLQR$TyysbY8rO.awyp7JldE9K. — byte-identical across every stock firmware from 3.1.3 to 5.1.7, so an OTA restores that hash but never rotates it. Separately, the printer's own settings file contains a web-console credential pair admin / ff123456. Documented failure modes: mods use different SSH host keys, so switching mods triggers host-key mismatches, and "Resource constraints may prevent the SSH service from running".[146] | Present by default up to v01.03.02.51; absent from v02.00.02.00 onward. OpenCentauri's wording is that v02.00.02.00 "removes the SSH process entirely", i.e. the daemon shipped enabled (or at least resident) in earlier builds. Default credentials for stock CC2 firmware: — I found none published. The frequently-cited root / OpenCentauri pair is explicitly the credential set for OpenCentauri's patched CC1 firmware, which does not support the CC2. An OTA update to v02.00.02.00 removes SSH and blocks rollback, so an OTA can and does permanently disable it[24][163][154] |
| Filesystem persistence: is the rootfs read-only or overlay-mounted? Do user-installed binaries and init/systemd services survive reboot and survive firmware updates? Is there a supported place to persist customizations? | Stock rootfs is a separate, vendor-owned partition; user customisation lives on /data (mmcblk0p7), and it is read-write and durable. xblax bind-mounts the stock / into its chroot at /mnt/orig_root remounted read-only (escape hatch: the jailbreak command drops you into the host environment). Mod rootfs + config + gcodes + Moonraker DB all live under /data, so they survive reboot and survive vendor OTA updates too, including a 3.x → 5.x jump. Init integration is via vendor-init hooks that live in the stock rootfs (/etc/inittab), which an OTA *does* revert; both mods therefore carry explicit re-hook/OTA-state logic. Supported persistence points: /data/.klipper_mod (xblax), /data/.mod/.forge-x + /opt/config/mod_data + mod_data/user.cfg + mod_data/user.moonraker.conf (Forge-X).[178] | A/B rootfs managed by swupdate; user-installed software does not survive official updates. Each update is written to the *inactive* rootfs slot, which then becomes primary — so anything added to the live rootfs is left behind on the now-inactive slot. There is a separate rootfs_data partition (overlay/persistent data) and a large UDISK partition; Elegoo's own supported persistence locations are /opt/usr/cfg (user config, incl. autosave.cfg written by SAVE_CONFIG) and /opt/usr/gcode (job storage), with defaults in /opt/inst. run_printer.sh even contains a commented-out "copy default config to user config" path, showing Elegoo intended /opt/usr/cfg/user_printer_dsp.cfg as a user-override slot — but it is commented out in the shipped script, so the binary is launched against /opt/inst/printer_dsp.cfg and user config overrides are not active[24][175] |
| Connectivity, UI & Camera | ||
| Display: size, type, touch? | 4.3-inch colour touchscreen ("Smart Touch Screen")[179] | 5.0-inch colour capacitive touchscreen, front-mounted, connected by FFC ribbon (RGB888 + touch). Controller is a Sitronix ST77922 panel with an ST1633i I²C capacitive touch controller[180][4][181][182] |
| On-device UI capabilities (model preview, per-object controls, etc.) | File browser with 3MF thumbnails, multi-plate 3MF, exclude objects, live Z-offset (0.025 mm steps), leveling, vibration test, PID calibration, filament load/unload, filament-detect toggle, sound toggle, firmware update, LAN mode, static IP, printer name/location, screen-protection timer, "continue printing after print completion", automatic shutdown on completion[183] | Model preview and file browse (local + USB), one-click calibration suite, per-spool CANVAS load/unload with manual filament type/colour entry, RFID tap-to-read, camera live view + timelapse, chamber light toggle, Z-offset adjust, network/IP display, offline firmware update, print history. v01.03.02.51 added "the ability to exclude and reset regions containing foreign objects" (a foreign-object exclusion feature). Per-object cancellation ("skip object") is NOT supported — it is an open feature request[24][184] |
| WiFi (band/standard), Ethernet, USB ports, SD/flash-drive | WiFi 2.4 GHz + 5 GHz (Realtek RTL8821CU — driver 8821cu.ko loaded from the stock rootfs), Ethernet RJ45, USB-A host port on the front, no SD card slot[185] | Wi-Fi (2.4 GHz-class AIC8800D80 SDIO module) + USB flash drive only. NO Ethernet port. No SD card slot. Hardware: a front USB-A host port and a separate 4-pin camera USB header on the mainboard[4][186] |
| Cloud service & phone app; LAN-only mode possible? | FlashCloud (https://cloud.sz3dp.com/) and Polar Cloud; apps FlashPrint 5, Orca-Flashforge, Flash Maker. LAN Only mode exists (added firmware 2.6.5) but the mobile app does not work in it.[187] | Cloud: Nexprint (Elegoo's model hub, integrated into ElegooSlicer's home screen, in beta) and the ELEGOO Matrix mobile app (binding added in v01.03.01.89, app ≥ v1.0.11). LAN-only mode exists and works: connect to Wi-Fi, note the displayed IP, add the printer in ElegooSlicer's Device tab on the same subnet. However, LAN-exclusive mode is mutually exclusive with useful features[24][188] |
| Camera: built-in / optional? Resolution & framerate (verify — marketing often omits real fps) | Base 5M has NO built-in camera. It does officially support an external USB camera, auto-detected since firmware 2.3.6. Pro's built-in camera: 640 × 480; on-device default streaming config is 640 × 480 @ 15 fps.[189] | Built-in and standard. 1280 × 720 (720p), 16:9, max 30 Hz, fixed focus (glued barrel), auto exposure, FOV ~90–110°, USB 2.0, 30 × 30 mm PCB, 500 mA @ 5 V, 4-pin JST-ZH 1.5 mm connector, enumerates as "Integrated Camera". Stream is MJPEG on port 3031 (:3031/video)[190][161] |
| Camera features: live monitor, timelapse, AI failure detection (spaghetti detection) — how real is it? | Pro: live monitoring via slicer/cloud, automatic photo capture, time-lapse generation, on-printer playback and export. AI/spaghetti failure detection: none — no source claims it.[191] | All three present. Live view in the WebUI/Matrix app/ElegooSlicer; timelapse with video export (a v02.00.02.00 changelog entry fixes "mismatch between timelapse video filenames and print file filenames during export"); AI spaghetti/failure detection with notifications. Real-world reliability is mediocre[192][24] |
| LED chamber/toolhead lighting | Disputed for the base 5M. Firmware declares a single white LED channel — [led chamber_led] white_pin: PA8, hardware_pwm: False, with brightness in device settings (extruderLight: 100, ledStatus: true) — but that config and settings dump both come from a 5M *Pro*, FlashForge documents no light for the 5M anywhere, and a base-5M owner states the base "lacks LED lights".[193] | Chamber LED present and firmware-controlled: [output_pin led_pin] pin=PB5, value=0; mainboard "Light" connector is a JST-XHB-3P with +24 V (max 1 A), GND and signal on PB5. Toolhead has an LED PWM pin that is not connected[4][45] |
| Calibration Routines & QoL | ||
| One-touch auto-calibration suite: what exactly does it calibrate? | The "one-click auto leveling" routine does: home (Z→X→Y) → preheat bed → wipe the nozzle → probe 25 points with the load cell → compute mesh → set Z offset. Vibration compensation and PID are separate, user-triggered routines.[194] | Elegoo "Full-Auto Calibration". Verified contents: (a) 121-point bed mesh, (b) Auto Z-offset via load-cell nozzle touch, (c) input-shaping / vibration compensation, (d) an automated nozzle-clean cycle that precedes probing, (e) nozzle-temperature Z-compensation table, (f) sensor self-checks (fan, exhaust grille, cutter status, CANVAS). Notebookcheck timed the whole thing at 26–27 minutes; CreativeBloq at "around ten minutes" and notes "it gets somewhat noisy"[192][195] |
| PID autotune exposed to user? | Yes, added in firmware 2.6.5; manual advises running it "after replacing the nozzle or when the nozzle temperature is abnormal". Factory PID values ship in the config: extruder Kp 20.109 / Ki 1.943 / Kd 52.031; bed Kp 32.79 / Ki 4.970 / Kd 54.118.[196] | Yes — there is a dedicated [pid_calibrate] section with its own preparation macro (pid_calibrate_gcode=G90\nG28 X Y TRY\nM204 S10000\nG180 S800\nM400\n, i.e. home and park at the waste station before tuning). Factory PID values are shipped for both heaters: extruder pid_kp=25.989 / ki=3.397 / kd=49.705; bed pid_Kp=46.504839 / Ki=1.453276 / Kd=372.038710[197] |
| Flow-rate calibration tooling | None on the printer. Slicer-side only (OrcaSlicer's own flow tests).[198] | As an on-printer feature. No flow-calibration macro exists in [g180] or elsewhere in the config. The practical path is ElegooSlicer's inherited OrcaSlicer calibration suite (flow ratio, PA, temperature towers), since ElegooSlicer is an OrcaSlicer/BambuStudio fork. Vendor per-material flow ratios are shipped (e.g. PAHT-CF filament_flow_ratio: 0.96)[199] |
| Belt tension check/indicators | A belt-tension adjusting screw on the rear panel; no indicator, gauge or spec value published[200] | None. No belt-tension routine, indicator, or resonance-based tension readout in firmware; no tensioning procedure in the manual. Hardware provides spring-loaded automatic tensioners instead (BOM X/Y轴同步带张紧弹簧 = XY belt tensioning springs, XY轴皮带张紧惰轮支架 = tensioner idler brackets)[201] |
| First-layer inspection features | Nozzle wipe before leveling; live Z-offset trim during print. No camera-based first-layer inspection on the base model.[202] | Yes — scan_first_layer: 1 is set in the machine profile, i.e. camera-based first-layer inspection is enabled. Separately, an elaborate automated nozzle-clean-and-verify routine runs before probing (clean_nozzle_gcode / [g180] S1–S2: heat to 200 °C, wipe on the silicone wiper, cool to 140 °C, run a Z-touch pattern, re-wipe)[203] |
| Skew calibration | Not in stock firmware. [skew_correction] is added only by mods (xblax ships an all-zero placeholder "Fake profile, it must be calibrated if desired"; Forge-X adds [skew_correction] in data.init.cfg).[204] | None. No [skew_correction] section in either config, no skew routine in [g180], nothing in the manual or any review[205] |
| Assembly level & time from unbox to first print | ~12 minutes setup (TechGearLab, measured); 12–15 min (3DTechValley). Assembly: fit the print-head assembly with 2× M3×16 + 2× M3×8 through a cable strain-relief fastener, mount spool holder, install guide tube.[206] | Semi-assembled; ~15–20 minutes of assembly, ~45 minutes unbox-to-first-print including calibration. Steps: remove 3 bed transport screws, clip on the touchscreen (ribbon cable), screw on the nozzle-wiper assembly and waste chute (4 screws, from inside, at the rear), bolt the CANVAS bracket + module (3 screws), plug the CANVAS power/signal cable, route 4 Bowden tubes to the toolhead hub (2 screws), bolt 4 spool-holder brackets (2 screws each), fit the tophat + CANVAS extension[207][70] |
| Power-Loss & Interruption Recovery | ||
| Power-loss recovery: mechanism (how is state saved? capacitor / eeprom / file on shutdown?) | Claimed present ("Power Loss Recovery" is a spec-table row and a product-page bullet). Firmware 2.7.3 (2024-08-29) "Add a prompt when resuming printing after a power outage". The device settings file carries a "recover" boolean. The exact state-save mechanism is undocumented — no capacitor is claimed, and no vendor description exists of when/where state is written. Mods implement their own: xblax [power_loss_recovery] writes state on a 30 s interval and on every layer change (save_interval: 30, save_on_layer: True, history_size: 3) and re-probes Z with the load cell on resume; Forge-X uses a resurrection.py plugin; Z-Mod uses ZRESTORE.[208] | Real hardware-sensed power-loss detection with an energy-reserve circuit, not a periodic-file-write hack. [por] (power-outage recovery): sensor_pin=host:PG9 (mains-loss sense), ctrl_pin=host:PG11, charge_pin=host:PD20, charge_time=30.0 (a reservoir/supercap charge line), rest_time=0.01 (10 ms poll), and an explicit shutdown_pins list that de-energises everything in a defined order on detection: host:PD22 (LCD PWM), host:PE17 (nozzle power), host:PB11 (bed power), PG13 (bed control), !PF6/!PE15/!PE12 (X/Y/Z enables), PB5 (light), PD17/PD19 (box fan), PD15 (fan1), PG15 (mainboard fan). Enabled at the print layer via [virtual_sdcard] power_outage_enable=1[209] |
| Verified working? Third-party test results; resume seam quality | Nobody independently tested it. No reviewer among TechGearLab, Tom's Hardware, 3DPrint.com, 3Dnatives, 3DWithUs, printer-hub or 3DTechValley reported pulling the plug mid-print. Contrary community signal: both Forge-X and Z-Mod list "faulty resume" among the stock Klipper bugs they patch.[210] | Confirmed working by an independent reviewer, but with documented bugs that took two firmware releases to fix. Notebookcheck: "the auto-filament refill, filament runout sensor, hotend cover sensor, and power loss recovery … worked as they should." Firmware history shows real defects: v01.03.02.51 (2026-05-09) fixed "print history showed a total print time of 0 after resuming printing following a power outage", and v02.00.02.00 (2026-05-28) fixed "resume printing failed after power loss when using an external spool under certain conditions". v01.03.02.36 "Optimized print recovery quality after pause/resume". No reviewer photographed or measured the resume seam[192][24] |
| Filament-runout pause/resume behavior | Toggleable ("Filament detect"); when enabled "the printer will stop printing if filament runs out mid-print". Klipper itself has pause_on_runout: False, so the vendor app performs the stop/resume, not Klipper. Filament-change pause position adjusted in firmware 2.4.2.[211] | Automatic and elaborate. On runout the printer runs a full macro: M400 → G28 X Y TRY → M204 S10000 → park at the waste station (G180 S800) → part fan to 25 % → purge E10 F300 + E5 F150 → fan to 88 % (M106 S225) → 5 s dwell → three-stage flush/wipe (G180 S811 → S810 → S800) → fans off → report M2202 gcode_action_report=2505 to the UI. Governed by pause_on_runout=true, event_delay=10.0, pause_delay=1.0. In CANVAS mode, auto-refill from a duplicate spool takes over instead of pausing. Pause/resume additionally has a scripted purge-and-prime on resume[5][24] |
| Materials Support | ||
| Officially supported filament list | Manual §1.2: \*PLA / \*PETG with 0.4 mm; \*TPU / PLA-CF / PETG-CF with 0.6/0.8 mm (\* = recommended). FlashForge product page: "PLA/PETG series recommended" and explicitly "ABS series Filaments is not compatible with the AD5M".[212] | Elegoo's own two-tier list: "Ideal: PLA / PETG / ABS / ASA. Capable: TPU³ / PC / PA / PET / fiber-reinforced filaments⁴." The shipped slicer carries 30 CC2-specific filament profiles: PLA (Basic, PRO, +, Matte, Silk, Galaxy, Glow, Marble, Sparkle, Translucent, Wood, Rapid PLA+), PLA-CF, PETG (+ PRO, HF, Translucent, Rapid), PETG-CF, PETG-GF, PET-CF, ABS, ASA, ASA-CF, PC, PC-FR, PAHT-CF, TPU 95A, Rapid TPU 95A[213] |
| PLA/PETG/TPU results & constraints (min TPU shore hardness) | PLA: clean at 0.2 mm / 250 mm/s. PETG: needed 240 °C (+5 °C) and 40 % fan; FlashForge's own profile runs PETG at 255 °C / bed 70 °C, 12 mm³/s. TPU: works but 30–40 mm/s required; Tom's Hardware had TPU jam under the drive gear, requiring full extruder disassembly. Min TPU shore hardness: — never published.[214] | PLA and PETG: excellent and effortless — the unanimous reviewer verdict. Vendor profiles: PLA 210 °C / 21 mm³/s; PETG 250 °C / 11 mm³/s. TPU: works down to 95A, verified by Tom's ("The system worked great for every filament I printed with, including TPU down to 95A shore hardness"; a TPU Air Duster at 0.12 mm / 50 mm/s took "just over two hours … surface finish is a little rough, but the print is fully functional"). TPU constraint on the Combo: you must fit the Flexible Filament Adapter and physically disconnect the CANVAS cable — i.e. no multicolour TPU. Profiles: TPU 95A 3.2 mm³/s, PA 0.1[215] |
| ABS/ASA feasibility (enclosure/chamber constraints, warping reports) | Officially not supported on the open 5M. Practically: the official $39.99 enclosure kit claims ABS/ASA/PC support, and an owner ran ABS at bed 110 / nozzle 270 on stock firmware (while hitting E0011 MCU errors). 3DTechValley: ABS "frustrating" without an enclosure. Manual Q7 warns ABS releases toxic gases.[32] | Demonstrated on a US 110 V machine: a full standard-ABS print succeeded with no warping and no layer cracking. Aurora Tech printed standard ABS in a 17 C garage with the tall cover fitted; the job ran 3 h 41 min (about 18 % over the slicer estimate) and he reports "no corner warping", the part "sticks very well because the ambient temperature is stable", "no layer cracking", overhangs "printed nicely using standard ABS" and a good bottom surface, with the chamber holding ~45 C and peaking ~47 C (B6). Enclosure plus 110 C bed plus Smart Grille recirculation also give a "temperature hold mode where the vents shut off" for ASA (Notebookcheck). Vendor profiles: ABS 270 C / 18 mm3/s / fan capped at 40 %; ASA 270 C. Remaining caveats: (a) ASA is weaker than ABS here. Notebookcheck hit ASA adhesion problems, fixed them only by preheating the bed 10 minutes at 110 C, and photographed warping on an ASA test print; (b) there is no active chamber heating and no chamber preheat/wait, and an owner reports the CC2 starts printing before a requested 45-50 C chamber target is reached; (c) the ABS success is a single reviewer on a single part geometry. [RETRACTED after critique: an earlier draft claimed the bed mesh is probed at a fixed 60 C rather than at ABS bed temperature. It is not; the start g-code waits for print bed temperature (M190... A) before BED_MESH_CALIBRATE. See J6.][35][216][36][155] |
| PC / Nylon / CF-filled feasibility (nozzle & extruder wear constraints) | CF-filled: officially supported with the 0.6/0.8 mm "high-strength steel" nozzles (PLA-CF, PETG-CF); 3Dnatives printed PA-CF on the Pro. PC: only with enclosure + the separately-sold PC sticker plate. Nylon: no official support, and the 110 °C bed / no heated chamber make it impractical.[217] | Demonstrated on real parts by Tom's Hardware, and this is the CC2's strongest surprise. PC: 7 utility knives in Prusa PC Blend, 0.2 mm, 100 mm/s, 6 h 06 min — "the prints were completed … and are perfect"; plus replacement spool holders in Polymax PC, 5 walls, 2 h 36 min. PA (nylon): Bambu Lab PAHT-CF RC part, 0.2 mm, 100 mm/s, 2 h 12 min — "Though this print can be a warping nightmare, it did really well". Tom's summary: "surprisingly strong with engineering materials, even without an actively heated chamber". Vendor profiles: PC 270 °C / bed 100 °C / 16 mm³/s / fan 35 % max; PAHT-CF 290 °C / bed 100 °C / 6 mm³/s / fan 30 %. Second independent confirmation (added 2026-08-19, reader-supplied): Aurora Tech, on a US 110 V unit, printed PA-CF successfully with the enclosure at ~41 C near the end of a 54-minute job, describing the surface as "as good as completely dried PACF" and the part as so stiff that "when I drop it on the table, it sounds like metal rather than plastic", despite the spool having been left open about two weeks; he also printed PPS-CF at the maximum nozzle temperature and reports it "worked very well" max, first 3 layers fan-off, flow ratio 0.96; PET-CF 270 °C / 8 mm³/s; PLA-CF 16 mm³/s with required_nozzle_HRC: 40. Abrasion is handled by the stock hardened-steel-tipped nozzle and SDK11 tool-steel hobbed gears; https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xp-jQ7dljV0 at 21:20-22:10 and 26:20 (Aurora Tech; evidence/auroratech_cc2_combo_transcript.md)[45] |
| Effective material ceiling given hotend+bed+chamber limits (reasoned, cite limits) | PLA, PETG, TPU, PLA-CF, PETG-CF comfortably. ABS/ASA only with the enclosure kit and ventilation, and even then marginal (no active chamber heater, bed caps at 110 °C, no filtration on base). PC and PA: not realistically viable. Reasoning from hard limits: nozzle 280 °C rated (firmware would allow 350, but the thermistor is a Generic 3950 NTC and the assembly is rated 280), bed 110 °C max (100 °C per storefront), no chamber heater, open frame, no filtration.[218] | Ceiling ≈ PC / PA(-CF) / PET-CF — i.e. everything the 350 °C nozzle and 110 °C bed can reach *that does not require a heated chamber*. Reasoning from the verified limits: nozzle firmware max 365 °C (claim 350) is enough for PC (270), PAHT-CF (290) and PET-CF (270) with margin, and would nominally reach PPS/PPA-class temperatures; bed firmware max 125 °C (claim 110, ot_bed=130) covers PC/PA bed requirements (vendor profiles use 100 °C); the binding constraint is the chamber — passive only, thermostat setpoints imply 30–45 °C, ot_box=100, no heater, no preheat-and-wait. That rules out reliable large ABS/ASA/PC-CF/PPS parts and warp-sensitive geometry, which is precisely where 50–60 °C active chambers earn their keep. Practically: excellent to PETG/PLA-CF; very good for small-to-medium PC and PA-CF; marginal for large ABS/ASA; not a PPS/PEEK machine despite the nozzle number — notwithstanding Elegoo's own non-Combo comparison table, which lists "Capable: PPS/PPS-CF/PPS-GF, PPA-CF/PPA-GF" (see R1); that claim is rejected here on the chamber argument and no reviewer has printed PPS on either Centauri[36] |
| Filament profile ecosystem in the recommended slicer | Official and reasonably complete. FlashForge maintains FlashForge/Orca-Flashforge (pushed 2026-07-18) with machine profiles for all four nozzle sizes of both 5M and 5M Pro, plus FlashForge filament profiles (Generic PLA, HS PLA, PETG…). Recommended slicers: Orca-Flashforge, OrcaSlicer, FlashPrint 5.[219] | Strong and CC2-specific. ElegooSlicer (an OrcaSlicer/BambuStudio fork, distributed on the included USB and on GitHub) ships 30 filament, 21 process (0.08–0.48 mm layers across 0.2/0.4/0.6/0.8 nozzles) and 5 machine profiles named specifically for the CC2 (@ECC2 / @Elegoo CC2). Per-material pressure advance, flow caps, fan curves, plate temperatures and exhaust-fan logic are all pre-set. OrcaSlicer and Cura are also listed as supported. RFID auto-selects the profile for Elegoo-branded spools[220] |
| Safety | ||
| Thermal runaway protection (verify in firmware source if at all possible) | Present but deliberately loosened vs Klipper defaults. Stock config runs Klipper [verify_heater] on both heaters: extruder max_error: 290, check_gain_time: 60, hysteresis: 10, heating_gain: 5; bed max_error: 120, check_gain_time: 180, hysteresis: 10, heating_gain: 5. Klipper's own defaults (read from FlashForge's published source) are hysteresis 5, max_error 120, heating_gain 2, check_gain_time 20 (extruder) / 60 (bed).[221] | Present and firmware-verified for both heaters. [verify_heater heater_bed]: max_error=60, check_gain_time=60, hysteresis=5, heating_gain=2. [verify_heater extruder]: max_error=30, check_gain_time=20, hysteresis=5, heating_gain=2. These are Klipper's standard runaway semantics (heater must gain ≥2 °C per check_gain_time while heating; cumulative error beyond max_error faults the printer). Backed by independent hardware cutoffs: ot_bed=130 and ot_box=100, and a thermal fuse in the mains bed circuit[85] |
| Certifications (UL/ETL/CE/FCC — verify, don't assume) | CE / FCC / RoHS / UKCA / "PES" / KC claimed by a major US reseller; an FCC equipment-authorisation record exists for FCC ID 2AKLL-ADM5 ("3D Printer", grantee *Zhejiang Flashforge 3D Technology CO., Ltd.*), distinct from the 5M Pro's 2AKLL-ADM5P. No UL or ETL claim from anyone.[15] | I could not verify a single certification for the CC2. The printed manual contains no FCC/CE/UKCA/RoHS/WEEE statement and no declaration of conformity; the Elegoo product page lists none; the packaging/nameplate was not available to me[222] |
| Hardware safety: fusing, strain reliefs, belt covers, pinch points | Print-head cable routed through a cable strain-relief fastener (2× M3×16 + 2× M3×8 at assembly). Open frame ⇒ exposed belts, gantry and hot nozzle; manual mandates ≥20 cm clearance and warns about entanglement (hair, gloves, clothing). PSU terminals behind a plastic cover. Fusing details.[223] | Partly documented. Bed circuit: mains AC with ground present and a thermal fuse, switched by an SSR board. OpenCentauri's own warning is unambiguous: "Danger: The Bed runs on mains AC current at 110/220 V. These voltages may be lethal. Exercise extreme caution around the bed and SSR board." Enclosure with glass door and tophat covers all belts and the gantry. Manual safety notes cover burns, pinch hazards, grounding, dust maintenance and adult supervision of children. Mainboard 24 V input is a 2-pin barrier terminal described as "very flimsy — do not overtighten." Toolhead USB-C carries 24 V on Vbus (fries anything else plugged in). No fuse ratings or strain-relief details are published[85][4] |
| Firmware safety limits (max temp cutoffs — exact values) | Extruder: max_temp: 350, min_temp: -100, verify_heater max_error: 290. Bed: max_temp: 130, min_temp: -100, verify_heater max_error: 120. Shutdown pins: [output_pin power_off] pin: PC14 value:1 shutdown_value:1, [output_pin clear_power_off] pin: PG1. [idle_timeout] timeout: 600. MCU-level default: CONFIG_INITIAL_PINS="!PB9" — the bed heater pin is driven off the instant the mainboard MCU boots.[224] | Nozzle max_temp=365 / min_temp=-100; bed max_temp=125 / min_temp=-100, ot_bed=130; chamber max_temp=110 / min_temp=-100, ot_box=100. Idle timeouts: extruder 300 s (extruder_timeout_gcode=M104 S0), bed 600 s (range 60–259 200 s). Probe force limits: trigger_force=200 g, safety_limit=1200 g. min_extrude_temp=-100 — cold-extrusion protection is DISABLED, as is Klipper's extrusion cross-section check (max_extrude_cross_section=9999999)[225] |
| Known safety incidents / recalls / fire reports (with sources) | None found[34] | None found for the CC2. No recall, fire report or safety incident surfaced in any of the eight reviews, the Elegoo GitHub issue trackers (CC2 repo: 11 issues, none safety-related), the OpenCentauri issue trackers, freethecode.lol, or general web search[226][227][148] |
| Noise & Power Consumption | ||
| Noise: claimed dB and independently measured dB (distance/method) | Claimed: FlashForge's own AD5M enclosure-kit page says it "Lowers printing noise from 65dB to 55dB" ⇒ FlashForge itself puts the bare 5M at 65 dB. The "50 dB low-noise / 55 dB standard" figures are 5M Pro claims. Measured on the base 5M (best evidence): 62.3 dB(A) in operation, 41.1 dB(A) at idle, and 54.8 dB(A) from the hotend fan alone with no printing. Other measurements: 50–55 dB at 200–300 mm/s, informal (printer-hub, base); 3DTechValley "about 50-55 dB" (base); Pro: avg 68 / max 79 / min 46 dB (3DPrint.com), and 65 dB door-open / <60 dB door-closed measured "right in front of the printer" (The 3D Printer Bee).[99][32][228][229] | Claimed ≤45 dB (footnoted "Data from Elegoo Lab. Tested with Elegoo PLA filament in Silent Mode with the auxiliary part cooling fan turned off"). Independently measured by Notebookcheck: average 44–47 dB, peaks to 54 dB. Distance and instrument not stated[18] |
| Silent/quiet mode available? | None on the base 5M. "Low-noise mode" is a 5M Pro feature (enclosure-based). TMC stealthchop_threshold lines are commented out in the stock config, so there is no StealthChop quiet mode either.[230] | Yes — Elegoo's own noise footnote references "Silent Mode". Firmware side, the mainboard fan idles at zero (idle_speed=0.0, idle_timeout=30) and the cavity fan is thermostatically staged, both of which reduce idle noise. No dedicated silent-mode section appears in the released config, so the mode is implemented above the motion layer (UI/host)[231] |
| Power draw: idle / PLA print / high-temp print (measured preferred) | Measured on the base 5M with a wattmeter: idle 11.3 W; standby with motors energised 25.9 W; printing PLA (220 °C / 60 °C bed) 130 W; peak 320 W while heating nozzle and bed simultaneously. PSU rating for comparison: 350 W. No high-temp (PETG/ABS-target) print measurement exists.[99] | No measured CC2 power figures exist. Rated only: 1100 W @ 220 V; 350 W @ 110 V, 24 V logic rail, ~1000 W of that being the mains bed[232] |
| Reliability, Support & Ecosystem | ||
| Warranty length & support reputation (evidence, not vibes) | 12-month warranty on the printer — but only a 3-month warranty on extruder parts. FlashForge product page, verbatim: "a 1-year limited warranty for its 3D printers and a 3-month warranty for extruder parts". Self-modification voids it (manual: "Any modification of the equipment by yourself will void the warranty"). Support scored 8.0/10 by TechGearLab — the machine's best category score. Channels: support@flashforge.com, phone 8:00–17:00; serial number on a barcode at the rear.[1] | 12 months standard on the printer, with a component-tiered warranty table: consumables carry no warranty (PEI platform plate, build plate, nozzle kit, PTFE tube, heater, thermistor, hot end, packaging, manual, tools); CANVAS parts have a limited warranty covering the feeder-module motherboard, 4-pin cable, five-way module, spool holder (excluding support claws), feeder motor, communication board, gearbox/cutter assembly, fan and housing, with "damage caused by human error … not covered". A 2-year extended warranty is sold for the Centauri series (e.g. via MatterHackers). Support reputation: mixed, evidence-based[233][148] |
| Common failure points (from long-term reviews/forums, with sources) | 1) Auto-leveling inconsistency — Tom's: "Auto Leveling did not work correctly on each attempt… I had to run the automatic leveling a few times", one failure printed a cube several mm above the plate; GitHub #73 (open, 32 comments) traces it to filament residue on the nozzle. 2) TPU jamming under the extruder drive gear, requiring full extruder teardown (Tom's). 3) Nozzle clogs — FlashForge's own FAQ devotes Q1 to unclogging and ships a pin tool; clogs mean replacing the whole $35 assembly. 4) E0011 / E0017 MCU errors (comm timeout / move-queue overflow) on stock firmware, especially at high temps/speeds — GitHub #203 (42 comments) and #277. 5) Bed adhesion with the stock powder-coated PEI plate on thin first layers; glue effectively required. 6) PSU fan always on (noise). 7) Flaky USB from poor shielding (xblax). 8) WiFi transfers capped ~25 MB (printer-hub). 9) RAM exhaustion if you mod and multitask. 10) Extruder/toolhead flexible flat cable (FFC) damage — added. FlashForge publishes a dedicated wiki procedure, *"Adventurer 5M: Replace the Extruder Cable"*, and the cable is sold as a spare; in GitHub #305 a user chased a phantom "firmware blocks the mod" problem for three weeks before finding the real cause: *"It was the f\*%&ing Flaccid Flexible c\*%&ing Cable again — I was wondering why my camera was dropping in and out. I trimmed a bit off the end of the cable, re-inserted it, boom install."* A degrading toolhead FFC presents as intermittent, misleading faults (failed USB updates, dropped camera, comms errors), which is exactly the kind of failure that gets misdiagnosed as firmware.[234][235][236][237] | Six documented so far, all from the first ~7 months. (1) Spool holders — Tom's physically broke one and "tore the rubber grips off" with a third-party cardboard spool; TechRadar had Elegoo plastic reels slip off the holder; OpenCentauri documents a ratchet clicking noise needing grease. (2) Toolhead filament-hub collets are effectively unremovable — Tom's could not extract the PTFE tubes even with the supplied tool and help, so clearing an extruder clog means unscrewing the whole hub. (3) 250 °C load routine cannot purge high-temp residue (firmware-confirmed). (4) Software/connectivity flakiness — Notebookcheck: random refusal to connect to ElegooSlicer on Windows, monitoring-window errors, 17 %-optimistic time estimates; GitHub issue #9 LAN-mode exclusivity. (5) False positives on clog/spaghetti and tangle detection (Notebookcheck; firmware v01.01.16.40 changelog). (6) Purge waste volume — 3DwithUS: on a 4-colour Gengar print "the purge waste was considerable though, almost the same amount as the model itself"[207][46][188][24] |
| Spare parts availability & pricing (nozzle, hotend, plate, board, belts) | Good availability, official + third party. Verified prices: Nozzle Assembly $35.00 (FlashForge, all four sizes); Enclosure Kit $39.99 (FlashForge). Partsbuilt (US) stocks: Mainboard, Build Plate Heater, Build Plate Scale Kit (Leveling Sensor), Extruder Unit (filament feeder), Extruder PCB Board, Nozzle Heating Cable, Extruder Front Cover + fan, belts/pulleys, motors/leadscrews, print surfaces. Also Amazon/AliExpress/3DJake/3DPrima/Smith3D/Innocube3D.[65][32][114][238] | Good and CC2-specific, ordered direct from Elegoo US. Verified live prices (2026-08-19): 0.4 mm brass/hardened-steel nozzle kit $22.99; multi-size (0.2/0.4/0.6/0.8) nozzle kit $24.99; dual-sided build plate $22.99 (3-pack $39.99); ceramic heater (CC2) $9.99; thermistor (CC2) $9.99; hotend silicone sock ×3 (CC2) $9.99; composite HEPA+carbon filter ×3 (CC2) $24.99; auxiliary part-cooling fan (CC2) $28.99; 3010 axial fan $12.99; dual extruder gears $14.99; strain gauge $12.99; spool holder (CC2 Combo) $21.99, set of 4 $45.99; spool claws ×3 $10.99; anti-vibration feet ×4 (CC2) $11.99; CANVAS module $150 (with cover) / $120 (without); Accessory Kit for Centauri Series $59.99[17] |
| Community size (subreddit size, wiki quality, Discord/Facebook groups) | Strong, GitHub- and Telegram-centred rather than Reddit-centred. Verified repo stats (2026-08-19): xblax/flashforge_ad5m_klipper_mod 433★ / 45 forks / 34 open issues; ghzserg/zmod 418★ / 50 forks; DrA1ex/ff5m 396★ / 37 forks; g992/flashforge-ad5m-5mpro-research 141★; FlashForge/AD5M_Series_Klipper 81★. Active Telegram groups: FF_5M_5M_Pro, FF_ForgeX. Dedicated wikis: wiki.zmod.link, ghzserg.github.io. Reddit subscriber count — reddit.com is not fetchable from this environment.[239] | Substantial and unusually technical for a 7-month-old machine. OpenCentauri Discord ~5,800 members; ELEGOO Official Discord ~32,700 members. OpenCentauri org: 26 public repos, cosmos at 231 stars with active development through 2026-08-21, plus a full MkDocs wiki with dedicated CC2 hardware pages (mainboard, toolhead, bed, camera, screen, misc, CANVAS, docs) and a CC2 firmware archive. Elegoo maintains official GitHub repos with public issue trackers for both CC1 (25 issues, numbering to #28 because three numbers are PRs) and CC2 (11 issues, all open). Elegoo also runs official Reddit and Facebook presences[240][241][242][243][244][226] |
| Mod/upgrade ecosystem | Firmware: xblax Klipper Mod, Z-Mod, Forge-X (with GuppyScreen / HelixScreen / Feather UIs, KAMP adaptive meshing, Moonraker/Mainsail/Fluidd, timelapse, Telegram notifications, OctoEverywhere). Hardware: official $39.99 enclosure kit; Mean Well LRS-350-24 silent PSU swap; external USB camera mod; Bambu Lab X1 hotend adapter (Printables 1002162); drag-chain/cable-management remixes (Printables 785667); hotend holders; external Klipper host via UART tap (destructive); Co Print KCM multi-material (documented on the Pro).[106][245] | Active but CC1-weighted. CC2-applicable today: full CAD models and FDM-optimised replacement parts (OpenCentauri/cad, 465 MB repo, pushed 2026-07-06, includes a CC2 model per PR #13); printable mods, light mods and camera replacement guides; Elegoo RFID tag dumps (Elegoo-Tag-Library); CANVAS retrofit onto CC1; printable spool holders (Tom's used a Voron-derived design after breaking his). Not yet CC2-ready: OpenCentauri patched firmware (CC1 only), COSMOS (CC2 support merged 2026-07-01 but "untested" and not endorsed in the FAQ), the OpenCentauri replacement mainboard project[242][168][246][247][169] |
| Long-term (6–12 month) reliability reports | Thin. Longest structured tests found: 3 months (3DTechValley, base 5M, Mar 2026 — "solid mid-range printer with excellent print quality"); 1 month / "100 % uptime… no significant issues" (3DPrint.com, Pro); a full instrumented test concluding the base 5M "has proven to be as loud as it is reliable" (Igor's Lab, Feb 2025, which also had a noisy fan replaced under warranty by the manufacturer); an owner thread with repeated successful prints (V1E forum, base 5M). No 6–12 month teardown-and-wear report exists.[248][68] | None exist yet. The CC2 shipped 2026-01-26, so the oldest retail units are ~7 months old at the access date. The longest documented exposure I found is 3DTechValley's "3 weeks of hands-on testing with a retail unit"; every other review is a launch-window unit tested over days. No 6-month or 12-month follow-up, durability teardown, or MTBF data exists[226][227] |
| Independently Measured Performance | ||
| Dimensional accuracy measurements (third-party, with numbers) | Base 5M: usable build area measured 217 × 217 mm vs 220 advertised (−2.71 % X/Y); physical plate 235 × 235 mm, "220×220 of which can be used"; clearance-spinner test — all parts including the 0.15 mm-tolerance piece moved freely after printing; nickel-fit calibration test "fit nearly perfectly". Pro (delta noted): 100 mm cube → X 99.70 / Y 99.71 / Z 100.02 mm; 135 mm diagonals → XZ 134.5 / YZ 134.45; 150 mm → 149.2; snap-fit held 0.05 mm. Vendor claims: ±0.1 mm on 100 mm cubes; positioning accuracy X/Y 0.0125 mm, Z 0.0025 mm.[67] | TechRadar, calipers on a 5-step accuracy target — the only real numbers that exist. Target 25 mm → X 24.93 (−0.07), Y 24.85 (−0.15); 20 mm → X 19.97 (−0.03), Y 20.01 (+0.01); 15 mm → X 14.94 (−0.06), Y 14.95 (−0.05); 10 mm → X 9.96 (−0.04), Y 9.88 (−0.12); 5 mm → X 4.99 (−0.01), Y 5.01 (+0.01). X mean error 0.042 mm; Y mean error 0.068 mm; combined mean 0.055 mm. Scored 5/5. Elegoo's claim is ±0.1 mm[78] |
| Surface quality / VFA / ringing assessments | TechGearLab Print Quality 6.7/10 (ranked #5 of 11); 3DPrint.com (Pro): "very consistent, accurate, and square", "virtually no skew", clean overhangs; 3DWithUs (Pro): "all overhangs free of issues"; at 600 mm/s: "minor surface artifacts… visible on close inspection"[249] | The only structured test scores it poorly, while every impressionistic review praises it. TechRadar's sub-scores: Fine flow control 5/5, Fine negative features 5/5, Bridging 5/5, Overhangs 4/5, but XY resonance 2.5/5 and Z-axis alignment 2.5/5. Against that: Tom's "no color bleeding using the default purge values"; CreativeBloq "layer lines are barely visible, corners and edges are sharp" and "very few of those annoying wispy bits of filament"; 3DwithUS "All lettering came out sharp and clearly defined" at 0.08 mm; TechRadar's own prose "The multifilament printing quality is exceptionally good, with clean lines"[78][54] |
| Benchmark print times (source + settings) | Base 5M, one reviewer, three profiles: Benchy 14:09 (modified G-code) / 26:09 (speedboat rules) / 33:28 (normal 0.20 mm); Clearance Spinner 1 h 05 m (Bambu PLA Matt); Z-wobble test 45:43 (Extrudr PLA NX2). Other base-5M: 26.8 min (TechGearLab); 31 min speed / 52 min quality (printer-hub); ~14 min (owner). Pro (delta noted): phone stand 2 h 15 m, articulated dragon 18 h 30 m, vase 4 h 45 m (3DTechValley, base); large model 6 h 52 min (Tom's, Pro); 220³ full-volume ASA array 24 h 44 min with "no detectable warping" (3DPrint.com, Pro)[67] | Tom's Hardware is the only outlet that published settings alongside times: 7× Baby Chameleon (multicolour PLA, 0.2 mm, 160 mm/s avg) 4 h 55 min; Slinky Fidget (PETG, 4 walls, 50 % infill, 0.2 mm, 150 mm/s avg) 4 h 20 min; TPU Air Duster (TPU 95A, 0.12 mm, 50 mm/s) ~2 h; RC Death Racer part (Bambu PAHT-CF, 0.2 mm, 100 mm/s) 2 h 12 min; 7× Utility Knife (Prusa PC Blend, 0.2 mm, 100 mm/s) 6 h 06 min; Voron spool holders (Polymax PC, 5 walls, 0.2 mm, 100 mm/s) 2 h 36 min. 3DwithUS: 4-colour Gengar, 0.14 mm, 4 colours, ~5 in tall, ~14 h; HueForge wall art, 0.08 mm, 100 % infill, lowest speed, ~80 % of the bed, ~6 h; multicolour Benchy ~2 h; "Little Buddha" ~35 min; Elegoo name tag (2 colours) ~1 h. Notebookcheck: average colour change ≈ 1 min 10 s (74 and 78 colour changes on two test models)[54][216] |
| First-layer consistency reports | 3DPrint.com (Pro): "first layers have been nearly flawless over the last month", but "first layers on those materials are a tad too close" for ASA/Nylon. Counter-evidence: Tom's had a leveling failure that printed several mm above the platform; printer-hub reports stock-PEI adhesion problems with thin first layers; GitHub #73 (open) attributes mesh error to nozzle residue.[234] | Leaning positive with one specific measured defect. Notebookcheck: "The default z offset is a bit too low resulting in wavy first layers, but lowering the bed by 0.025 mm fixes that." Against that: CreativeBloq "Bed adhesion was excellent, using the textured side of the plate, but not so strong that removal posed any issues"; Tom's reports no first-layer problems across six materials but lists "a cold plate that could use more grip" as a quirk; Notebookcheck also needed a 10-minute 110 °C bed preheat for ASA adhesion[216] |
| Review scores from major outlets (list outlet + score + date) | TechGearLab: 68/100 overall, ranked #5 of 11, dated 2024-12-23 — subscores Print Quality 6.7/10 (40 %), Ease of Use 7.2/10 (30 %), Print Capabilities 6.0/10 (20 %), Support 8.0/10 (10 %) — re-verified verbatim 2026-08-19. Igor's Lab (base 5M, 2025-02-27, Tim Kutzner): no numeric score or award; verdict "For 299 euros at the time of testing using the above code, you get a compact CoreXY printer, which has proven to be as loud as it is reliable." Tom's Hardware (5M Pro, 2023-10-18): verdict "Fast, but not First" — numeric star rating not recoverable from the saved page. 3DTechValley (base, 2026-03-03): no numeric score; "solid mid-range printer… no longer the obvious choice". 3DPrint.com (Pro, 2024-08-23): no numeric score; recommends for print farms. The 3D Printer Bee (Pro): no numeric score, no date published. 3Dnatives Lab (Pro): no numeric score in the fetched content.[2][7] | TechRadar Pro 4.25/5 (Alastair Jennings, 2026-01-28) — sub-scores Value 5, Design 4, Features 4.5, Performance 4.5 (these four average 4.5, not the 4.25 TechRadar publishes as its headline — a second arithmetic inconsistency in the same review, alongside the "29 out of 30" problem in E5). Tom's Hardware 4/5 (Denise Bertacchi, 2026-02-18). CreativeBloq 9/10 (Rob Redman). 3DwithUS 4.4/5 (Phil Macey, 2026-02-09). GamesRadar+ 5/5 (Benjamin Abbott). Notebookcheck — reviewed 2026-03-02, no numeric score extracted; verdict "Solid entryway into the world of multi-color printing … the hardware is on point but the software needs more tuning". Hackster.io (2026-01-26) and VoxelMatters — positive, unscored[54] |
Manufacturer claims, independent measurements, packages and test conditions retain their source wording. FDM linear speed and resin vertical speed use different units and are not directly comparable. Unknown values are marked “Not documented”. Prices and source dates remain historical snapshots; check the linked guide for product details. Differences highlight text, not a universal winner.
Sources for this comparison
- Flashforge Adventurer 5M product page flashforge.com · 2026-08 · vendor
- docs/manual.txt:255-257; https://www.flashforge.com/products/adventurer-5m-3d-printer; https://www.techgearlab.com/reviews/cool-gadgets/3d-printer/flashforge-adventurer-5 techgearlab.com · 2026-08 · doc
- docs/manual.txt:255-257; https://www.flashforge.com/products/adventurer-5m-3d-printer; https://www.techgearlab.com/reviews/cool-gadgets/3d-printer/flashforge-adventurer-5 printer-hub.ru · 2026-08 · doc
- firmware/ElegooSlicer_ECC2/Elegoo_Centauri_Carbon_2.json; firmware/ElegooSlicer_ECC2/Elegoo_Centauri_Carbon_2_0.4_nozzle.json; firmware/CentauriCarbon2/README.md L9; docs docs.opencentauri.cc · 2026-08 · doc
- firmware/ElegooSlicer_ECC2/Elegoo_Centauri_Carbon_2.json; firmware/ElegooSlicer_ECC2/Elegoo_Centauri_Carbon_2_0.4_nozzle.json; firmware/CentauriCarbon2/README.md L9; docs us.elegoo.com · 2026-08 · doc
- https://3dprintbeginner.com/flashforge-adventurer-5m-pro-presentation/; https://www.tomshardware.com/reviews/flashforge-adventurer-5m-pro-3d-printer 3dprintbeginner.com · 2026-08 · doc
- https://3dprintbeginner.com/flashforge-adventurer-5m-pro-presentation/; https://www.tomshardware.com/reviews/flashforge-adventurer-5m-pro-3d-printer tomshardware.com · 2026-08 · doc
- https://tools.prnewswire.com/en-us/live/20813/release/20260119EN65865; https://www.voxelmatters.com/elegoo-debuts-centauri-carbon-2-combo-an-enclosed-multicolor-desktop-3 tools.prnewswire.com · 2026-08 · doc
- https://tools.prnewswire.com/en-us/live/20813/release/20260119EN65865; https://www.voxelmatters.com/elegoo-debuts-centauri-carbon-2-combo-an-enclosed-multicolor-desktop-3 voxelmatters.com · 2026-08 · doc
- https://tools.prnewswire.com/en-us/live/20813/release/20260119EN65865; https://www.voxelmatters.com/elegoo-debuts-centauri-carbon-2-combo-an-enclosed-multicolor-desktop-3 tomshardware.com · 2026-08 · doc
- https://tools.prnewswire.com/en-us/live/20813/release/20260119EN65865; https://www.voxelmatters.com/elegoo-debuts-centauri-carbon-2-combo-an-enclosed-multicolor-desktop-3 hackster.io · 2026-08 · doc
- 3DPrintBeginner (5M $399 / 5M Pro $599); TechGearLab "$399 list" project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- https://www.voxelmatters.com/elegoo-debuts-centauri-carbon-2-combo-... (full regional table, FX dated 2026-01-24/25); https://www.hackster.io/news/... ("United States: $4 voxelmatters.com · 2026-08 · doc
- https://www.voxelmatters.com/elegoo-debuts-centauri-carbon-2-combo-... (full regional table, FX dated 2026-01-24/25); https://www.hackster.io/news/... ("United States: $4 hackster.io · 2026-08 · doc
- FlashForge product page; https://www.cdw.com/product/flashforge-adventurer-5m-3d-printer/7934222 (Mfg # AD5M, $419.99, re-verified by curl 2026-08-19 — page text: "FlashF cdw.com · 2026-08 · doc
- ELEGOO Centauri Carbon 2 Combo Shopify product JSON (price and store publish date) us.elegoo.com · 2026-08 · vendor
- https://us.elegoo.com/products/centauri-carbon-2-combo (raw HTML → evidence/elegoo_official_product_page.md); https://us.elegoo.com/products/centauri-carbon-2-combo.json us.elegoo.com · 2026-08 · doc
- https://us.elegoo.com/products/centauri-carbon-2-combo (raw HTML → evidence/elegoo_official_product_page.md); https://us.elegoo.com/products/centauri-carbon-2-combo.json notebookcheck.net · 2026-08 · doc
- firmware/flashforge-ad5m-5mpro-research/photo/readme.md (PCB comparison: TVOC connector, servo connector, power-on section "(*) Not soldered on the base version"); stock project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- ELEGOO Centauri Carbon 2 product page (Centauri Carbon 2 vs Centauri Carbon side-by-side table) us.elegoo.com · 2026-08 · vendor
- evidence/elegoo_cc2_vs_cc1_official_comparison.md; https://us.elegoo.com/collections/all/products.json; https://us.elegoo.com/products/centauri-carbon-2; https://us.elego us.elegoo.com · 2026-08 · doc
- Flashforge AD5X multicolour 3D printer product page flashforge.com · 2026-08 · vendor
- FlashForge store navigation captured in scratchpad/ffwiki/trouble.html (fetched 2026-08-19); https://www.flashforge.com/products/flashforge-ad5x-3d-printer; https://www.3 3djake.com · 2026-08 · doc
- https://us.elegoo.com/collections/all/products.json; https://docs.opencentauri.cc/software/updates-cc2/; hackster.io ("closest competitors are the Bambu Lab P1S Combo and docs.opencentauri.cc · 2026-08 · doc
- manual §1.2; TechGearLab "217mm × 217mm (approximately 2.71% less than advertised)"; printer-hub "~217 x 217 mm actual"; stock printer.base.cfg L19-20/34-35 position_max: project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- firmware/CentauriCarbon2/debugfile_printer_dsp.cfg L11–13, L41–42, L67–68, L94–95; firmware/ElegooSlicer_ECC2/Elegoo_Centauri_Carbon_2_0.4_nozzle.json project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- manual §1.2 L300-311; docs/manual.txt:202; FlashForge product page; 3DJake "363 × 402 × 448 mm (without spool holder)" project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- evidence/elegoo_official_product_page.md; docs/CC2_manual_EN.pdf p.01; tomshardware.com; voxelmatters.com; evidence/elegoo_cc2_vs_cc1_official_comparison.md project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- manual §1.2 (Net Weight 10.8kg) project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- evidence/elegoo_official_product_page.md; docs/CC2_manual_EN.pdf p.01; tomshardware.com ("19.35 kg / 42.65 lbs"); techradar.com body ("42.66 lb"); notebookcheck.net ("abo project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- FlashForge wiki linear-guide page (references "sheet metal top cover"); TechGearLab; printer-hub project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- https://www.flashforge.com/products/adventurer-5m-enclosure-kit; FlashForge product page ("ABS series Filaments is not compatible with the AD5M") flashforge.com · 2026-08 · doc
- tomshardware.com ("fully enclosed … glass front door … a very large 'top hat'"); techradar.com ("Perspex top … essentially making it almost airtight"); evidence/elegoo_of project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- — project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xp-jQ7dljV0 at 18:25-19:05 and 26:35 (Aurora Tech, evidence/auroratech_cc2_combo_transcript.md); firmware/CentauriCarbon2/debugfile_printe youtube.com · 2026-08 · doc
- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xp-jQ7dljV0 at 18:25-19:05 and 26:35 (Aurora Tech, evidence/auroratech_cc2_combo_transcript.md); firmware/CentauriCarbon2/debugfile_printe github.com · 2026-08 · doc
- stock printer.base.cfg L174 kinematics: corexy; FlashForge wiki "CoreXY mechanism … two motors working in unison" project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- firmware/CentauriCarbon2/debugfile_printer_dsp.cfg L6; corroborated by tomshardware.com, techradar.com, notebookcheck.net project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- FlashForge wiki, Linear Guide Maintenance for AD5M Series (fetched 2026-08-19): "Clean the X, Y, and Z-axis linear shafts…"; "clean both sides of the upper and lower slee project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- FlashForge wiki Linear Guide Maintenance page; https://wiki.flashforge.com/en/adventurer-series/maintenance/ad5mseries-replace-the-xy-axis-guide-rail&bearing (video-only) wiki.flashforge.com · 2026-08 · doc
- docs/CC2_BOM.pdf (Y光轴, Y光轴固定钣金, Y轴光轴固定块, Y轴轴承固定钣金); tomshardware.com project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- stock printer.base.cfg L42-55 ([stepper_z] rotation_distance: 8, position_endstop: 220; max_z_velocity: 25, max_z_accel: 500); FlashForge wiki intro "three lead screws, w igorslab.de · 2026-08 · doc
- FlashForge wiki intro (Printer Back: "Belt tension adjusting screw"); https://wiki.flashforge.com/en/adventurer-series/maintenance/ad5mseries-adjust-and-replace-the-xy-ax wiki.flashforge.com · 2026-08 · doc
- docs/CC2_BOM.pdf; firmware/CentauriCarbon2/debugfile_printer_dsp.cfg L38, L64 project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- docs/CC2_BOM.pdf; https://us.elegoo.com/products/centauri-carbon-2-combo ("Dual 4260 stepper motors"); https://docs.opencentauri.cc/hardware/CC2/toolhead/ ("10T NEMA14 (r docs.opencentauri.cc · 2026-08 · doc
- docs/CC2_BOM.pdf; https://us.elegoo.com/products/centauri-carbon-2-combo ("Dual 4260 stepper motors"); https://docs.opencentauri.cc/hardware/CC2/toolhead/ ("10T NEMA14 (r docs.opencentauri.cc · 2026-08 · doc
- stock printer.base.cfg L183-213 ([tmc2209 stepper_x] uart_pin: PC2 … run_current: 0.9), L17/32/48 project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- firmware/CentauriCarbon2/debugfile_printer_dsp.cfg L47–58 (X), L73–84 (Y), L100–110 (Z), L145–152 (E); https://docs.opencentauri.cc/hardware/CC2/mainboard/ ("Stepper driv docs.opencentauri.cc · 2026-08 · doc
- stock printer.base.cfg L15, L30, L46, L61, L185/193/201/209 project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- firmware/CentauriCarbon2/debugfile_printer_dsp.cfg L37, L51 (X); L63, L77 (Y); L89, L104 (Z); L119, L148 (E) project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- FlashForge product page; docs/manual.txt:279-289; https://uk.flashforge.com/blogs/news/flashforge-adventurer-5m-faq-before-buying uk.flashforge.com · 2026-08 · doc
- evidence/elegoo_official_product_page.md; docs/CC2_manual_EN.pdf p.01; tomshardware.com; techradar.com; notebookcheck.net; voxelmatters.com project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- manual §1.2; printer-hub ("quality mode 250-400 mm/s; working speed 200-300 mm/s"); 3DTechValley ("PLA clean at 0.2mm layer, 250 mm/s"); FlashForge UK FAQ project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- evidence/elegoo_official_product_page.md; tomshardware.com (per-print average speeds); https://3dwithus.com/elegoo-centauri-carbon-2-combo-3d-printer-review 3dwithus.com · 2026-08 · doc
- manual §1.2 Max Travel Speed 600mm/s; stock printer.base.cfg L175 max_velocity: 600; Orca machine_max_speed_x/y = 600 project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- firmware/CentauriCarbon2/debugfile_printer_dsp.cfg L7, L9; firmware/ElegooSlicer_ECC2/Elegoo_Centauri_Carbon_2_0.4_nozzle.json project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- FlashForge product page; manual §1.2; stock printer.base.cfg L176 project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- evidence/elegoo_official_product_page.md (both rows present); evidence/elegoo_cc2_vs_cc1_official_comparison.md project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- stock printer.base.cfg L175, L178 project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- firmware/CentauriCarbon2/debugfile_printer_dsp.cfg L7, L9 project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- stock printer.base.cfg L176-179; Orca machine_max_acceleration_x/y = 20000, _z = 500, _e = 5000 project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- firmware/CentauriCarbon2/debugfile_printer_dsp.cfg L8, L10; firmware/ElegooSlicer_ECC2/Elegoo_Centauri_Carbon_2_0.4_nozzle.json (incl. machine_start_gcode) project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- stock printer.base.cfg L180; firmware/orca_flashforge_profiles/fdm_adventurer5m_common.json L28-29; firmware/ff5m/tuning.cfg ([printer] square_corner_velocity: 9); firmwa project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- firmware/CentauriCarbon2/debugfile_printer_dsp.cfg L14; firmware/ElegooSlicer_ECC2/Elegoo_Centauri_Carbon_2_0.4_nozzle.json project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- https://www.flashforge.com/products/nozzle-assembly; https://www.3djake.com/flashforge/adventurer-5m ("flow rate of 32 mm³/s"); firmware/orca_flashforge_profiles/Flashfor flashforge.com · 2026-08 · doc
- firmware/ElegooSlicer_ECC2/Elegoo_{PLA,ABS,PC,PLA-CF,PETG-CF,PETG,PET-CF,PAHT-CF,TPU_95A}_@ECC2.json (filament_max_volumetric_speed) project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- https://www.igorslab.de/en/flashforge-adventurer-5m-3d-drucker-im-test/4/ (Benchy 14:09 / 26:09 / 33:28, spinner, Z-wobble; base 5M); TechGearLab; printer-hub; https://fo igorslab.de · 2026-08 · doc
- https://www.igorslab.de/en/flashforge-adventurer-5m-3d-drucker-im-test/4/ (Benchy 14:09 / 26:09 / 33:28, spinner, Z-wobble; base 5M); TechGearLab; printer-hub; https://fo forum.v1e.com · 2026-08 · doc
- https://www.creativebloq.com/3d/3d-printing/i-tested-the-elegoo-centauri-carbon-2-and-now-i-want-to-print-everything-in-multicolour-glory; https://3dwithus.com/elegoo-cen creativebloq.com · 2026-08 · doc
- https://www.creativebloq.com/3d/3d-printing/i-tested-the-elegoo-centauri-carbon-2-and-now-i-want-to-print-everything-in-multicolour-glory; https://3dwithus.com/elegoo-cen voxelmatters.com · 2026-08 · doc
- https://www.creativebloq.com/3d/3d-printing/i-tested-the-elegoo-centauri-carbon-2-and-now-i-want-to-print-everything-in-multicolour-glory; https://3dwithus.com/elegoo-cen smith3d.com · 2026-08 · doc
- stock printer.cfg L2-6; stock printer.base.cfg L160-165 [resonance_tester] accel_chip:adxl345, min_freq: 5, max_freq: 100, probe_points: 0,0,100 project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- stock printer.base.cfg L150-158 ([adxl345] cs_pin: eboard:PA4, spi_speed: 1000000, spi_software_sclk_pin: eboard:PA5 …) project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- manual §5.1 "Choose [Leveling] or [Vibration test], click [Start]"; "When to perform vibration compensation: When there is noticeable ghosting and ringing…; After adjusti project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- stock printer.cfg L2-6 and L30-34; firmware/flashforge_ad5m_klipper_mod/printer_configs/printer.cfg (shaper_type_x = mzv, shaper_freq_x = 52.5, shaper_type_y = zv, shaper project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- firmware/CentauriCarbon2/debugfile_printer_dsp.cfg L277–282, L292–300 project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- 3DTechValley; 3DPrint.com; TechGearLab project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- https://www.techradar.com/pro/elegoo-centauri-carbon-2-combo-3d-printer-review (per-test scores: Dimensional accuracy 5, Fine flow control 5, Fine negative features 5, Ov techradar.com · 2026-08 · doc
- stock printer.base.cfg L74 project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- firmware/CentauriCarbon2/debugfile_printer_dsp.cfg L135; firmware/ElegooSlicer_ECC2/*_@ECC2.json (enable_pressure_advance: ['1']) project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- stock printer.base.cfg L74 pressure_advance:0.035 project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- firmware/CentauriCarbon2/debugfile_printer_dsp.cfg L135; firmware/ElegooSlicer_ECC2/Elegoo_ABS_@ECC2.json, Elegoo_PC_@ECC2.json, Elegoo_PAHT-CF_@ECC2.json, Elegoo_TPU_95A project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- manual §5.1; FlashForge wiki release notes 2.6.5 "Add PID calibration" (no PA entry in any release note) project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- stock printer.base.cfg L216-239 (level_h1/h2/h3, [temperature_sensor weightValue] sensor_type: MAX31856 … gcode_id: W), L317-321 [probe] pin: !PB4 project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- firmware/CentauriCarbon2/debugfile_printer_dsp.cfg L517–588 ([load_cell_probe], sclk_pin=bed_sensor:PA5, dout_pin=bed_sensor:PA4); https://docs.opencentauri.cc/hardware/C docs.opencentauri.cc · 2026-08 · doc
- stock printer.base.cfg L75-77, L287-295 project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- firmware/CentauriCarbon2/debugfile_printer_dsp.cfg L136–142; firmware/ElegooSlicer_ECC2/Elegoo_Centauri_Carbon_2_0.4_nozzle.json project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- FlashForge product page ("Extruder: Direct drive; Qty: 1"); manual §1.2; stock printer.base.cfg L57-60 (extruder stepper on eboard) project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- stock printer.base.cfg L62 rotation_distance: 4.7; Amazon replacement-motor listing (10-tooth gear) project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- stock printer.base.cfg L64 filament_diameter: 1.750 project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- firmware/CentauriCarbon2/debugfile_printer_dsp.cfg L123 (filament_diameter=1.75); evidence/elegoo_official_product_page.md; docs/CC2_manual_EN.pdf project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- manual §2.3 "Installing the Spool Holder and Filament Guide Tube"; manual §1.1 component 6 "Filament Detection Sensor"; nozzle-assembly kit descriptions project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- Searched: evidence/elegoo_official_product_page.md, docs/CC2_manual_EN.pdf, evidence/elegoo_cc2_vs_cc1_official_comparison.md, all eight reviews, and OpenCentauri's toolh project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- FlashForge wiki firmware release notes (2.7.8-2.2.3-20241213); manual (keep ≥50 mm nozzle-plate distance during loading) project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- firmware/CentauriCarbon2/debugfile_printer_dsp.cfg L431–436 ([filament_load_unload]); L344–366 ([canvas_dev] pre_load_fila_dist=150, load_fila_dist=1000, unload_fila_dist project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- https://docs.opencentauri.cc/hardware/CC2/toolhead/ ("The Toolhead board has a 2x4 pin port at the bottom. This connector links to a separate PCB that breaks out the requ us.elegoo.com · 2026-08 · doc
- FlashForge product page & manual §1.2; stock printer.base.cfg L73 max_temp: 350, L94; firmware/flashforge-ad5m-5mpro-research/software/Adventurer5M.json "extruderType" : project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- firmware/CentauriCarbon2/debugfile_printer_dsp.cfg L126, L133–134; firmware/CentauriCarbon2/debugfile_printer.cfg L119, L125–126; https://github.com/elegooofficial/Centau github.com · 2026-08 · doc
- https://www.flashforge.com/products/nozzle-assembly; https://www.igorslab.de/en/flashforge-adventurer-5m-3d-drucker-im-test/6/ ("46 seconds", base 5M, wattmeter-instrumen igorslab.de · 2026-08 · doc
- stock printer.base.cfg L66-67 project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- manual §1.2; manual §2.2 Packing List (docs/manual.txt:380-415); stock printer.base.cfg L63 nozzle_diameter: 0.400 project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- firmware/CentauriCarbon2/debugfile_printer_dsp.cfg L122 (nozzle_diameter=0.4); evidence/elegoo_official_product_page.md (spec "Nozzle Diameter 0.4 mm"; "What's in the Box project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- FlashForge wiki intro: "0.25mm and 0.4mm Nozzle are made of stainless steel; 0.6mm and 0.6mm Nozzle are high-strength steel" [sic — second "0.6" is FlashForge's typo for project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- https://us.elegoo.com/products/0-4-mm-brass-hardened-steel-nozzle-kit-for-centauri-carbon-series; docs/CC2_BOM.pdf (黄铜硬化钢喷嘴); evidence/elegoo_official_product_page.md ("N us.elegoo.com · 2026-08 · doc
- FlashForge wiki intro; manual §6.2 item 5 ("After replacing the nozzle, please perform leveling again"); Tom's Hardware project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- FlashForge nozzle-assembly page; Amazon B0DLWR7T5C / B0FW3TBSN6 / B0DKNLYGMF; https://www.printables.com/model/1002162-flashforge-adventurer-5m-bambu-lab-x1-hotend-mod printables.com · 2026-08 · doc
- https://us.elegoo.com/products/multi-size-brass-hardened-steel-nozzle-kit-for-centauri-carbon-series; firmware/ElegooSlicer_ECC2/Elegoo_Centauri_Carbon_2.json (nozzle_dia us.elegoo.com · 2026-08 · doc
- evidence/elegoo_official_product_page.md ("Heat Break: Titanium Alloy"); evidence/elegoo_cc2_vs_cc1_official_comparison.md; https://docs.opencentauri.cc/hardware/CC2/ ("H docs.opencentauri.cc · 2026-08 · doc
- FlashForge nozzle-assembly page project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- firmware/CentauriCarbon2/debugfile_printer_dsp.cfg L163–165; evidence/elegoo_official_product_page.md; docs/CC2_manual_EN.pdf p.01 project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- https://docs.opencentauri.cc/hardware/CC2/bed/ ("Danger: The Bed runs on mains AC current at 110/220 V"; "the CC2 uses a solid state relay (SSR) board to control the main west3d.com · 2026-08 · doc
- Searched all eight CC2 reviews (Tom's, TechRadar, Notebookcheck, Hackster, GamesRadar, 3DwithUS, CreativeBloq, VoxelMatters) plus general web search project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- manual §6.1 (docs/manual.txt:891-896): "1. Powder coated PEI plate requires glue and is suitable for printing PLA/PETG/PLA-CF/PETG-CF/ABS/ASA. TPU printing does not requi project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- FlashForge accessories nav (captured 2026-08-19); manual §6.1; https://partsbuilt.com/adventurer-5m5m-pro/ partsbuilt.com · 2026-08 · doc
- https://us.elegoo.com/products/pei-plate-for-centauri-carbon ("Enhance your 3D prints with a dual-sided plate that delivers strong adhesion for PLA and a premium carbon f us.elegoo.com · 2026-08 · doc
- Searched all eight CC2 reviews plus targeted web searches for thermal-camera/FLIR bed-uniformity tests of the CC2; also checked My Tech Fun's bed-heating comparison work project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- stock printer.base.cfg L216-257 and L317-321; FlashForge wiki intro ("The heated bed has a pressure sensor at its base"; "measuring the relative height between the nozzle project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- stock printer.base.cfg L302-312; corroborated by the SAVE_CONFIG mesh in stock printer.cfg L11-28 (x_count = 5, y_count = 5, mesh_x_pps = 3, algo = bicubic) project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- firmware/CentauriCarbon2/debugfile_printer_dsp.cfg L589–604; firmware/ElegooSlicer_ECC2/Elegoo_Centauri_Carbon_2_0.4_nozzle.json project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- stock printer.base.cfg L319 z_offset: -0.25; FlashForge wiki release notes 2.4.2 ("Change the single adjustment unit for Z-offset to 0.025mm"); wiki intro ("No need for l project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- Stock printer.base.cfg has no [screws_tilt_adjust]; firmware/flashforge_ad5m_klipper_mod/printer_configs/printer.base.cfg L313-324 adds it (4× M4, ±94) project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- docs/CC2_manual_EN.pdf (assembly section — "remove the foam … marked in blue to unlock the heated bed"; no levelling-screw procedure); tomshardware.com ("After unpacking project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- stock printer.base.cfg (single [stepper_z], no z_tilt); FlashForge wiki intro project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- firmware/CentauriCarbon2/debugfile_printer_dsp.cfg (complete section list contains no [z_tilt]/[quad_gantry_level]); single [stepper_z] at L85; tomshardware.com ("three l project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- manual §5.1 (docs/manual.txt:848-858) + evidence/flashforge_ad5m_user_manual_extracts.md; FlashForge wiki release notes 2.3.6 and 2.4.5 ("Add bed preheating before leveli project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- firmware/ElegooSlicer_ECC2/Elegoo_Centauri_Carbon_2_0.4_nozzle.json (machine_start_gcode); firmware/CentauriCarbon2/debugfile_printer_dsp.cfg L644+ ([g180] S7/S8/S910/S91 project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- stock printer.base.cfg L259-274; manual §1.1 (docs/manual.txt:241); manual §5.2 ("When [Filament detect] is enabled, the printer will stop printing if filament runs out m project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- Grep of the full official manual text for `tangl\ project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- Stock config has no filament_motion_sensor, no extrusion encoder, no clog macro project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- FlashForge wiki release notes 2.3.6 ("Add M25 pause command", "Recognize M106 P2") and 2.4.2; stock printer.base.cfg (only M900 custom macro); firmware/flashforge_ad5m_kl project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- firmware/ElegooSlicer_ECC2/Elegoo_Centauri_Carbon_2_0.4_nozzle.json (machine_pause_gcode, change_filament_gcode, machine_start_gcode M6211 A1 L200 …); firmware/CentauriCa project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- manual §1.1 component 5 "Screw Holes for Spool Holder"; manual §2.3; FlashForge wiki intro ("Spool holder mounting hole") project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- FlashForge AD5X product page; https://wiki.coprint3d.com/en/Flashforge-Adventurer-5M-Pro-KCM-Set-Installation-Guide; Z-Mod README (multi-spool "Smart COLOR Menu" listed f wiki.coprint3d.com · 2026-08 · doc
- stock printer.base.cfg L117-118; FlashForge wiki intro ("a model cooling fan, and the air ducts at both sides ensure comprehensive model cooling") project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- FlashForge wiki intro: "Adventurer 5M Pro is additionally equipped with an auxiliary cooling fan"; base PCB lacks the populated Pro fan headers (g992 photo/readme.md) project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- https://docs.opencentauri.cc/hardware/CC2/misc/ ("Auxiliary fan type: Custom 12032 radial fan … P/N EFC-12J24H … 0.8 A @ 24 V … mounted on the left panel with intake from docs.opencentauri.cc · 2026-08 · doc
- stock printer.base.cfg L120-132, L276-282; g992 photo/readme.md items 2, 3, 6, 7 carry "(*) Not soldered on the base version"; FlashForge wiki intro (Pro-only filtration, project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- firmware/CentauriCarbon2/debugfile_printer_dsp.cfg L198–212 ([cavity_fan]), L302–316 ([servo printer_servo]); https://docs.opencentauri.cc/hardware/CC2/misc/ ("The exhaus us.elegoo.com · 2026-08 · doc
- stock printer.base.cfg L117-132 project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- stock printer.base.cfg L1-9; firmware/flashforge_ad5m_klipper_mod/build_scripts/components/mcu_configs/ffad5m/mainboard → CONFIG_MACH_N32G455xE=y, CONFIG_MACH_N32G45x=y, project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- firmware/flashforge_ad5m_klipper_mod/README.md L38: "All features of the mod run directly on the printer built-in system (Allwinner T113-S3 with 128MB RAM)"; firmware/ff5 project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- https://docs.opencentauri.cc/hardware/CC2/mainboard/ ("SoC AllWinner R528-S3; Memory 128 MB in-chip; Storage 8 gb eMMC"); https://raw.githubusercontent.com/OpenCentauri/o raw.githubusercontent.com · 2026-08 · doc
- manual §1.2 line 302 (Input: AC 100~120V/200~240V，50/60Hz，350W); FlashForge product page project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- evidence/elegoo_official_product_page.md ("Power Input: 100–240 VAC 50/60 Hz"); docs/CC2_manual_EN.pdf p.01; techradar.com ("Input Power: AC 100–240 V, 50/60 Hz"); notebo project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- g992 photo/readme.md ("1. USB connector, not used in the basic version"; "8. 1 more free USB! Yay!"); photo/USB_HUB_Connection.png, photo/PDIC_Connection.png; manual §1.1 project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- FlashForge wiki firmware release notes; https://wiki.zmod.link/Native_FW/ (re-fetched 2026-08-19 — AD5M: 3.1.3 (2025-01-07), 3.1.9 (2025-08-07), 3.2.3 (2025-10-16), 3.2.5 wiki.zmod.link · 2026-08 · doc
- firmware/CentauriCarbon2/README.md; firmware/CentauriCarbon2/debugfile_printer_dsp.cfg (whole file); firmware/ElegooSlicer_ECC2/Elegoo_Centauri_Carbon_2_0.4_nozzle.json ( github.com · 2026-08 · doc
- firmware/CentauriCarbon2/README.md; firmware/CentauriCarbon2/debugfile_printer_dsp.cfg (whole file); firmware/ElegooSlicer_ECC2/Elegoo_Centauri_Carbon_2_0.4_nozzle.json ( freethecode.lol · 2026-08 · doc
- curl https://api.github.com/orgs/FlashForge/repos → FlashForge/OrcaSlicer (pushed 2024-07-10), FlashForge/AD5M_Series_Klipper (2024-05-09), FlashForge/Orca-Flashforge (20 api.github.com · 2026-08 · doc
- https://github.com/elegooofficial/CentauriCarbon2 (API: created 2026-03-11T10:10:07Z, pushed 2026-03-12T08:19:55Z, 3 commits, license GPL-3.0); https://github.com/elegooo github.com · 2026-08 · doc
- https://github.com/elegooofficial/CentauriCarbon2 (API: created 2026-03-11T10:10:07Z, pushed 2026-03-12T08:19:55Z, 3 commits, license GPL-3.0); https://github.com/elegooo github.com · 2026-08 · doc
- https://github.com/elegooofficial/CentauriCarbon2 (API: created 2026-03-11T10:10:07Z, pushed 2026-03-12T08:19:55Z, 3 commits, license GPL-3.0); https://github.com/elegooo github.com · 2026-08 · doc
- https://github.com/elegooofficial/CentauriCarbon2 (API: created 2026-03-11T10:10:07Z, pushed 2026-03-12T08:19:55Z, 3 commits, license GPL-3.0); https://github.com/elegooo all3dp.com · 2026-08 · doc
- https://docs.opencentauri.cc/software/updates-cc2/ ("v02.00.02.00 (Released 28/05/2026) … SSH disabled — This release removes the SSH process entirely, making it more dif docs.opencentauri.cc · 2026-08 · doc
- https://docs.opencentauri.cc/software/updates-cc2/ ("v02.00.02.00 (Released 28/05/2026) … SSH disabled — This release removes the SSH process entirely, making it more dif docs.opencentauri.cc · 2026-08 · doc
- https://docs.opencentauri.cc/software/updates-cc2/ ("v02.00.02.00 (Released 28/05/2026) … SSH disabled — This release removes the SSH process entirely, making it more dif github.com · 2026-08 · doc
- https://docs.opencentauri.cc/software/updates-cc2/ ("v02.00.02.00 (Released 28/05/2026) … SSH disabled — This release removes the SSH process entirely, making it more dif docs.opencentauri.cc · 2026-08 · doc
- g992 software/readme.md: "we have not moonraker :("; printer-hub ("ships with Klipper-based firmware without web interface"); firmware/flashforge_ad5m_klipper_mod/README. project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- firmware/CentauriCarbon2/ipkg-build_run_printer.sh (elegoo_printer … -a /tmp/elegoo_uds); firmware/CentauriCarbon2/debugfile_printer.cfg L11–12 (broker_address=tcp://brok docs.opencentauri.cc · 2026-08 · doc
- firmware/CentauriCarbon2/ipkg-build_run_printer.sh (elegoo_printer … -a /tmp/elegoo_uds); firmware/CentauriCarbon2/debugfile_printer.cfg L11–12 (broker_address=tcp://brok github.com · 2026-08 · doc
- firmware/CentauriCarbon2/ipkg-build_run_printer.sh (elegoo_printer … -a /tmp/elegoo_uds); firmware/CentauriCarbon2/debugfile_printer.cfg L11–12 (broker_address=tcp://brok github.com · 2026-08 · doc
- GitHub API repo stats (fetched 2026-08-19); evidence/zmod_readme.md; firmware/ff5m/README.md, version.txt, docs/MOD_COMPARISON.md; firmware/flashforge_ad5m_klipper_mod/RE project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- https://docs.opencentauri.cc/patched-firmware/features/; https://github.com/OpenCentauri/cc-fw-tools; https://github.com/OpenCentauri/cosmos; https://github.com/OpenCenta docs.opencentauri.cc · 2026-08 · doc
- https://docs.opencentauri.cc/patched-firmware/features/; https://github.com/OpenCentauri/cc-fw-tools; https://github.com/OpenCentauri/cosmos; https://github.com/OpenCenta github.com · 2026-08 · doc
- https://docs.opencentauri.cc/patched-firmware/features/; https://github.com/OpenCentauri/cc-fw-tools; https://github.com/OpenCentauri/cosmos; https://github.com/OpenCenta github.com · 2026-08 · doc
- https://docs.opencentauri.cc/patched-firmware/features/; https://github.com/OpenCentauri/cc-fw-tools; https://github.com/OpenCentauri/cosmos; https://github.com/OpenCenta github.com · 2026-08 · doc
- https://docs.opencentauri.cc/patched-firmware/features/; https://github.com/OpenCentauri/cc-fw-tools; https://github.com/OpenCentauri/cosmos; https://github.com/OpenCenta github.com · 2026-08 · doc
- https://docs.opencentauri.cc/patched-firmware/features/; https://github.com/OpenCentauri/cc-fw-tools; https://github.com/OpenCentauri/cosmos; https://github.com/OpenCenta github.com · 2026-08 · doc
- https://docs.opencentauri.cc/patched-firmware/features/; https://github.com/OpenCentauri/cc-fw-tools; https://github.com/OpenCentauri/cosmos; https://github.com/OpenCenta github.com · 2026-08 · doc
- stock printer.base.cfg L284-295; firmware/orca_flashforge_profiles/fdm_adventurer5m_common.json ("gcode_flavor": "klipper", emit_machine_limits_to_gcode: 1); FlashForge w project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- firmware/CentauriCarbon2/debugfile_printer_dsp.cfg L644+ ([g180] table), L307–316 (M2801_*), L329, L399, L424 and L432–435 (M2202 gcode_action_report=… in the CANVAS-runo docs.opencentauri.cc · 2026-08 · doc
- firmware/ff5m/docs/FIRMWARE_5x_COMPAT.md — verbatim: "an OTA flash reverts /etc/shadow and /etc/inittab to stock. This is identical to 3.x behavior and does not affect Fo project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- https://docs.opencentauri.cc/software/updates-cc2/ (SSH removal + downgrade block + repacked v01.03.02.51 download); https://docs.opencentauri.cc/patched-firmware/ (CC2 n github.com · 2026-08 · doc
- firmware/flashforge_ad5m_klipper_mod/docs/LINUX.md: "Klipper Mod is not a conventional Linux distribution… you won't find a package manager or systemd"; "Be aware of the project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- firmware/CentauriCarbon2/ipkg-build_readme.md; firmware/CentauriCarbon2/ipkg-build_run_printer.sh L13–15; firmware/CentauriCarbon2/ipkg-build_update_ipk.sh; firmware/Cent docs.opencentauri.cc · 2026-08 · doc
- Negative evidence, re-verified independently 2026-08-19: grep -ril 'tailscale' firmware/ff5m firmware/flashforge_ad5m_klipper_mod → none; `grep -rn 'net/tun\ project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/OpenCentauri/oc-linux/opencentauri/arch/arm/configs/sun8iw20p1smp_defconfig and.../sun8iw20p1smp_t113_auto_defconfig (grep: no CONFIG_TU raw.githubusercontent.com · 2026-08 · doc
- firmware/flashforge_ad5m_klipper_mod/docs/LINUX.md ("The host system is mounted read-only to /mnt/orig_root. The printer data partition is mounted to /mnt/data… The mod s project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- manual §1.2 (Smart Touch Screen 4.3-inch); FlashForge product page project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- evidence/elegoo_official_product_page.md ("5-inch Color Capacitive Touch Screen"); https://docs.opencentauri.cc/hardware/CC2/screen/ ("The CC2 touchscreen is 5.0 inches, docs.opencentauri.cc · 2026-08 · doc
- evidence/elegoo_official_product_page.md ("5-inch Color Capacitive Touch Screen"); https://docs.opencentauri.cc/hardware/CC2/screen/ ("The CC2 touchscreen is 5.0 inches, github.com · 2026-08 · doc
- evidence/elegoo_official_product_page.md ("5-inch Color Capacitive Touch Screen"); https://docs.opencentauri.cc/hardware/CC2/screen/ ("The CC2 touchscreen is 5.0 inches, github.com · 2026-08 · doc
- FlashForge wiki firmware release notes (2.3.6 → 3.1.9, fetched 2026-08-19); manual §5.1-5.2; FlashForge wiki intro ("automatic shutdown upon print completion") project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- tomshardware.com ("nice reminder to unlock the bed", loading screens, filament naming); techradar.com; creativebloq.com ("Head to the load screen and click on reel one … github.com · 2026-08 · doc
- firmware/flashforge_ad5m_klipper_mod/build_overlays/common/etc/init/init_chroot.sh L11 insmod /mnt/orig_root/lib/modules/8821cu.ko; FlashForge wiki intro ("5G & 2.4G Wi-F project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- evidence/elegoo_official_product_page.md ("Connectivity: USB, Wi-Fi"); docs/CC2_manual_EN.pdf p.01 ("Connectivity: USB Drive, Wi-Fi") and p.02 ("USB Drive Port"); https:/ github.com · 2026-08 · doc
- manual lines 759-813 ("WAN Mode and LAN Only Mode", "b. LAN Only Mode: Enable [LAN Only]", FlashCloud URL, Polar Cloud); manual line 579: "The APP does not support connec project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- docs/CC2_manual_EN.pdf pp.19–20 ("LAN (Network) Printing … The assigned IP address will display once successfully connected … Ensure your computer and printer are on the github.com · 2026-08 · doc
- FlashForge wiki intro ("Adventurer 5M Pro is equipped with a camera"); manual line 577 ("Real-time monitoring is only accessible when a camera is installed"); FlashForge project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- https://docs.opencentauri.cc/hardware/CC2/camera/ (full table); evidence/elegoo_official_product_page.md ("Camera: Yes"); docs/CC2_manual_EN.pdf p.02 ("Camera"); https:// docs.opencentauri.cc · 2026-08 · doc
- FlashForge wiki intro ("The printer automatically captures photos during printing and creates time-lapse videos"); evidence/3dwithus_ad5mpro_review.md; Tom's Hardware project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- tomshardware.com ("excellent camera for print monitoring and AI detection"); https://www.notebookcheck.net/Elegoo-Centauri-Carbon-2-3D-printer-review-... ("Coming to the notebookcheck.net · 2026-08 · doc
- stock printer.base.cfg L106-108 ([led chamber_led] white_pin: PA8); software/Adventurer5M.json ("printerName" : "Adventurer 5M Pro", "extruderLight" : 100, "ledStatus" : project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- stock printer.base.cfg L302-321; FlashForge wiki release notes 2.3.6 ("Add nozzle wiping before auto-leveling") and 2.4.5 ("Add bed preheating before leveling"); manual § project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- firmware/CentauriCarbon2/debugfile_printer_dsp.cfg L589–596 (mesh), L517–588 (probe), L292–300 (shaper_calibrate_gcode), L632–641 ([z_compensation]), L644+ ([g180] S1/S2/ creativebloq.com · 2026-08 · doc
- FlashForge wiki release notes 2.6.5 ("Add PID calibration"); manual §5.1 note; stock printer.base.cfg L68-71, L84-87 project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- firmware/CentauriCarbon2/debugfile_printer_dsp.cfg L444–445 ([pid_calibrate]), L128–131 (extruder PID), L158–161 (bed PID) project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- Manual §5.1 lists only leveling / vibration / PID; no flow entry in any FlashForge release note 2.3.6→3.1.9 project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- firmware/CentauriCarbon2/debugfile_printer_dsp.cfg (searched: no flow-calibration macro); firmware/ElegooSlicer_ECC2/Elegoo_PAHT-CF_@ECC2.json (filament_flow_ratio); toms project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- FlashForge wiki intro ("Belt tension adjusting screw for adjusting the belt tension to an appropriate level"); the belt maintenance wiki page is video-only project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- firmware/CentauriCarbon2/debugfile_printer_dsp.cfg (no tension macro); docs/CC2_manual_EN.pdf (no tensioning section); docs/CC2_BOM.pdf (tensioning springs and idler brac project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- FlashForge wiki release notes 2.3.6, 2.4.2; manual §5.1 project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- firmware/ElegooSlicer_ECC2/Elegoo_Centauri_Carbon_2_0.4_nozzle.json (scan_first_layer: 1); firmware/CentauriCarbon2/debugfile_printer_dsp.cfg L644+ ([g180] S1, S2, S911) project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- Stock printer.base.cfg has no [skew_correction]; firmware/flashforge_ad5m_klipper_mod/printer_configs/printer.base.cfg L305 and printer_configs/printer.cfg; firmware/ff5m project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- firmware/CentauriCarbon2/debugfile_printer_dsp.cfg and debugfile_printer.cfg (full section lists — no skew section); docs/CC2_manual_EN.pdf project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- TechGearLab ("Setup Time: 12 minutes"); 3DTechValley ("setup taking 12-15 minutes"); manual §2.x; 3DWithUs: "one of the easiest printers we have set up to date" project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- tomshardware.com (step-by-step; "the whole process took less than twenty minutes from unboxing to printing"); https://3dwithus.com/... ("15–20 minutes"); https://www.voxe 3dwithus.com · 2026-08 · doc
- manual §1.2 (Power Loss Recovery √); FlashForge product page ("Power loss recovery"); FlashForge wiki release notes 2.7.3; software/Adventurer5M.json ("recover" : false); project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- firmware/CentauriCarbon2/debugfile_printer_dsp.cfg L607–630 ([por] incl. charge_pin, charge_time, shutdown_pins), L223 (power_outage_enable=1) project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- Searched all 7 reviews above for power-loss testing → none; evidence/zmod_readme.md ("Klipper v11, plagued by bugs (E0011, E0017, incorrect object exclusion, broken SCV, project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- manual §5.2 (docs/manual.txt:876-879); stock printer.base.cfg L271-274; FlashForge wiki release notes 2.4.2 project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- manual §1.2 Supported Filament; FlashForge product page; FlashForge wiki intro ("Print PLA, PETG with 0.4mm or 0.25mm nozzle; print TPU, PLA-CF and PETG-CF with 0.6mm or project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- evidence/elegoo_official_product_page.md (spec row "Supported Filament", incl. footnotes 3 and 4); firmware/ElegooSlicer_ECC2/Elegoo_Centauri_Carbon_2.json (default_mater api.github.com · 2026-08 · doc
- 3DTechValley; firmware/orca_flashforge_profiles/Flashforge Generic PETG.json (nozzle_temperature: 255, hot_plate_temp: 70, filament_max_volumetric_speed: 12); 3DPrint.com project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- tomshardware.com (TPU 95A print, settings and result); firmware/ElegooSlicer_ECC2/Elegoo_TPU_95A_@ECC2.json, Elegoo_PLA_@ECC2.json, Elegoo_PETG_@ECC2.json; evidence/elego project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xp-jQ7dljV0 at 18:25-19:30 and 26:35 (Aurora Tech, Danville CA, 110-120 V; evidence/auroratech_cc2_combo_transcript.md); https://www.noteb notebookcheck.net · 2026-08 · doc
- manual §1.2; FlashForge wiki intro; manual §6.1 item 3 ("PC sticker platform plate is suitable for printing PC/ABS/ASA"); 3Dnatives (PLA, PETG, ABS, PA-CF tested on the P project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- stock printer.base.cfg L73 (max_temp: 350), L66 (Generic 3950), L91 (bed max_temp: 130); manual §1.2 (280 °C / 110 °C); FlashForge product page project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- https://github.com/FlashForge/Orca-Flashforge/tree/main/resources/profiles/Flashforge (machine dir lists Flashforge Adventurer 5M 0.25/0.4/0.6/0.8 Nozzle.json, verified v github.com · 2026-08 · doc
- firmware/ElegooSlicer_ECC2/ (14 profiles downloaded and inspected); https://api.github.com/repos/elegooofficial/ElegooSlicer/contents/resources/profiles/Elegoo/{machine,p api.github.com · 2026-08 · doc
- stock printer.base.cfg L93-103; firmware/AD5M_Series_Klipper/klippy/extras/verify_heater.py L22-31 (hysteresis', 5., max_error', 120., heating_gain', 2., default_gain_tim project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- docs/CC2_manual_EN.pdf (searched full extracted text for "FCC", "CE", "UKCA", "RoHS", "WEEE", "UL", "ETL", "certif", "complian", "declaration" — zero hits); evidence/eleg project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- manual assembly section; docs/manual.txt:12, :161, :181-202; g992 upgrades/silent_psu.md ("terminals at the bottom of the power supply, under the plastic cover") project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- stock printer.base.cfg L72-73, L90-91, L93-103, L140-148, L167-168; firmware/flashforge_ad5m_klipper_mod/build_scripts/components/mcu_configs/ffad5m/mainboard (CONFIG_INI project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- firmware/CentauriCarbon2/debugfile_printer_dsp.cfg L133–134 (extruder), L163–165 (bed), L256–258 (chamber), L437–442 ([idle_timeout]), L536–537 (probe force), L141–142 (m project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- Searched: https://github.com/elegooofficial/CentauriCarbon2/issues (all 11, all states); https://github.com/OpenCentauri/cc-fw-tools/issues (40 most recent); https://free github.com · 2026-08 · doc
- Searched: https://github.com/elegooofficial/CentauriCarbon2/issues (all 11, all states); https://github.com/OpenCentauri/cc-fw-tools/issues (40 most recent); https://free github.com · 2026-08 · doc
- https://www.igorslab.de/en/flashforge-adventurer-5m-3d-drucker-im-test/6/ (base 5M: "62.3 dB(A) in operation", "41.1 dB(A) at idle", hotend fan "54.8 dB(A), even without 3dprint.com · 2026-08 · doc
- https://www.igorslab.de/en/flashforge-adventurer-5m-3d-drucker-im-test/6/ (base 5M: "62.3 dB(A) in operation", "41.1 dB(A) at idle", hotend fan "54.8 dB(A), even without the3dprinterbee.com · 2026-08 · doc
- stock printer.base.cfg L189, L197, L205, L213 (#stealthchop_threshold: — all commented); evidence/3dwithus_ad5mpro_review.md project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- evidence/elegoo_official_product_page.md (footnote 2: "Tested with Elegoo PLA filament in Silent Mode with the auxiliary part cooling fan turned off"); firmware/CentauriC project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- Searched all eight CC2 reviews plus targeted web search for CC2 wattage/power-meter tests; evidence/elegoo_official_product_page.md; docs/CC2_manual_EN.pdf p.01 project evidence · 2026-08 · local
- evidence/elegoo_official_product_page.md (full Refund & Warranty tables as rendered on the product page, incl. the consumables list and the CANVAS row); docs/CC2_manual_E matterhackers.com · 2026-08 · doc
- Tom's Hardware; https://github.com/xblax/flashforge_ad5m_klipper_mod/issues/73; https://github.com/xblax/flashforge_ad5m_klipper_mod/issues/203; https://github.com/xblax/ github.com · 2026-08 · doc
- Tom's Hardware; https://github.com/xblax/flashforge_ad5m_klipper_mod/issues/73; https://github.com/xblax/flashforge_ad5m_klipper_mod/issues/203; https://github.com/xblax/ github.com · 2026-08 · doc
- Tom's Hardware; https://github.com/xblax/flashforge_ad5m_klipper_mod/issues/73; https://github.com/xblax/flashforge_ad5m_klipper_mod/issues/203; https://github.com/xblax/ github.com · 2026-08 · doc
- Tom's Hardware; https://github.com/xblax/flashforge_ad5m_klipper_mod/issues/73; https://github.com/xblax/flashforge_ad5m_klipper_mod/issues/203; https://github.com/xblax/ wiki.flashforge.com · 2026-08 · doc
- https://www.flashforge.com/products/nozzle-assembly ($35.00); https://www.flashforge.com/products/adventurer-5m-enclosure-kit ($39.99); https://partsbuilt.com/adventurer- eu.flashforge.com · 2026-08 · doc
- curl https://api.github.com/repos/{...} (all five, 2026-08-19); evidence/zmod_readme.md (t.me/FF_5M_5M_Pro); firmware/ff5m/docs/FAQ.md (t.me/FF_ForgeX) api.github.com · 2026-08 · doc
- Discord member counts via web search of https://discord.com/servers/opencentauri-1367538416539013122 and https://discord.com/invite/elegoo-official-969282195552346202; ht discord.com · 2026-08 · doc
- Discord member counts via web search of https://discord.com/servers/opencentauri-1367538416539013122 and https://discord.com/invite/elegoo-official-969282195552346202; ht discord.com · 2026-08 · doc
- Discord member counts via web search of https://discord.com/servers/opencentauri-1367538416539013122 and https://discord.com/invite/elegoo-official-969282195552346202; ht api.github.com · 2026-08 · doc
- Discord member counts via web search of https://discord.com/servers/opencentauri-1367538416539013122 and https://discord.com/invite/elegoo-official-969282195552346202; ht api.github.com · 2026-08 · doc
- Discord member counts via web search of https://discord.com/servers/opencentauri-1367538416539013122 and https://discord.com/invite/elegoo-official-969282195552346202; ht docs.opencentauri.cc · 2026-08 · doc
- evidence/zmod_readme.md; firmware/ff5m/README.md; firmware/flashforge_ad5m_klipper_mod/README.md; g992 upgrades/silent_psu.md, upgrades/klipper_on_ext_cpu.md, README.md; printables.com · 2026-08 · doc
- https://api.github.com/orgs/OpenCentauri/repos; https://github.com/OpenCentauri/cad; https://github.com/OpenCentauri/cad/issues/13 ("Add CC2 CAD"); https://docs.opencenta github.com · 2026-08 · doc
- https://api.github.com/orgs/OpenCentauri/repos; https://github.com/OpenCentauri/cad; https://github.com/OpenCentauri/cad/issues/13 ("Add CC2 CAD"); https://docs.opencenta docs.opencentauri.cc · 2026-08 · doc
- 3DTechValley; 3DPrint.com; https://www.igorslab.de/en/flashforge-adventurer-5m-3d-drucker-im-test/ ("as loud as it is reliable"; fan replaced by manufacturer); https://fo igorslab.de · 2026-08 · doc
- TechGearLab; 3DPrint.com; evidence/3dwithus_ad5mpro_review.md; 3DTechValley project evidence · 2026-08 · local